“It is dangerous to be right when the government is wrong.” Bell Ringer “It is dangerous to be right when the government is wrong.” Explain this quote in your own words.

The American Revolution Seceding from the Empire

The French and Indian War 1754-1763

Clash of Empires: England, France, and Spain Wars originated in Europe and spilled over to the New World Conflict was over settlement of the Ohio River Valley England wins! France loses all lands east of the Mississippi River.

Albany Plan of Union The First American Political Cartoon Benjamin Franklin created plan for colonial home rule: dealt with defense and Indian affairs. Adopted by delegates. Individual colonies rejected it: not enough independence. British rejected it: too much independence Albany Congress  failed Iroquois broke off relations with Britain & threatened to trade with the French. The cartoon appeared along with Franklin's editorial about the "disunited state" of the colonies, and helped make his point about the importance of colonial unity. During that era, there was a superstition that a snake which had been cut into pieces would come back to life if the pieces were put together before sunset. The First American Political Cartoon

North America in 1763

Proclamation of 1763 Prohibited colonists from moving west of the Appalachians; only intended to be temporary British aim: Protect colonists from Indian attacks Colonists’ view: Infuriated; felt they were being denied their spoils Generally ignored by colonists

Effects of the War Britain Colonies Increased colonial empire Increased debt significantly Contempt for the ungrateful colonists United against a common enemy for the first time Bitter feelings towards the pompous British No longer able to ignore British tax laws

The Road to Revolution

War and Money Mercantilism: Colonies exist for the benefit of the mother country; act as both suppliers and consumers for the empire. Navigation Acts: Colonists could only trade using British ships Prevent money from the colonies from going to enemy nations Colonists begin smuggling goods Salutary neglect: An unofficial British policy of avoiding enforcement of navigation laws to promote American business.

The Acts that Broke the Camel’s Back Proclamation of 1763 Sugar Act Stamp Act Quartering Act Townshend Acts Tea Act Intolerable Acts

Stamping out the Stamp Act PH introduces the VA Resolves in the HoB Rejected the Stamp Act because the colonists were not fully represented in Parliament Stamp Act Congress First intercolonial conference; only 9 show up “No taxation without representation!” British PM claimed colonists had “virtual representation” Patrick Henry “If this be treason, make the most of it!”

Sons of Liberty Led by Samuel Adams Violently enforced boycotts of British goods Tar and feathering Ideas of revolution spread by the “Committees of Correspondence” Paired with Stamp Act Congress, led to its repeal

Boston Massacre What’s wrong with this picture?

Boston Tea Party

First Continental Congress Philadelphia, 1774 12 colonies present (GA absent) Did NOT desire independence, but did send the king a list of grievances.

The Shot Heard ‘Round the World The Revolution Begins! The Shot Heard ‘Round the World

Lexington and Concord

It is in vain, sir, to extenuate the matter. Gentlemen may cry, "Peace It is in vain, sir, to extenuate the matter. Gentlemen may cry, "Peace! Peace!" -- but there is no peace. The war is actually begun! The next gale that sweeps from the north will bring to our ears the clash of resounding arms! Our brethren are already in the field! Why stand we here idle? What is it that gentlemen wish? What would they have? Is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? Forbid it, Almighty God! I know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!

Second Continental Congress (1775) Olive Branch Petition: Pledged America’s loyalty and asked for peace King George III formally declared the colonies to be in a state of rebellion

Common Sense Thomas Paine’s Common Sense: Urged American independence as common sense Wrote plainly and convincingly In the physical world, the smaller body never ruled the larger one It was illogical for a country to rule another from 3000 miles away He had no respect for a king who did not protect his own people

America Secedes From Great Britain Richard Henry Lee made a motion for independence on June 7, 1776. A committee was formed to create a formal written declaration of America’s independence: John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, Robert Livingston, and Roger Sherman

It’s Too Late To Apologize

Declaration of Independence July 4, 1776

Declaration of Independence

The Matchup! Britain The Colonies Best trained, best equipped army and navy on Earth Immense wealth Estimated 50,000 American Loyalists (Tories) Poor officers Difficulty providing supplies overseas Fighting a defensive war with home-field advantage Strong leadership Had a defined cause Poorly trained, poorly equipped army; no navy to speak of No central government; no stable economic system

Friendship with France The Ladies Man at work!

The Tide Turns Battle of Saratoga: Turning point in the war; the victory convinced France to support the American cause British General Cornwallis surrendered after being trapped between Washington’s army and the French navy at Yorktown.

Yorktown? Click to Add Text

Ending the War Treaty of Paris, 1783: Ended the American Revolution. England recognized American independence Colonists gained control all the way to the Mississippi River.