Intended Learning Outcomes Provides an overview of dental forensics. Reviews identification techniques: visual, radiological, DNA, and dental records. Recognize role of forensic odontologist. Describes identification processes/procedures for: Mass disasters. Criminal investigations. Human remains identification.

Topic Date History of Forensic Odontology Forensic Science & Law 27 / 2 Role of Forensic Odontologist Human Identification 13 / 3 Positive & Presumptive Methods of Identification 27 / 3 ADIS & DIR 10 / 4 Crime Investigation 24 / 4 Age Estimation 8 / 5

History of Forensic Odontology by: dr. HEBA FAYED

DEFENITION FDI defines forensic dentistry as: That branch of dentistry which, in the interest of justice, deals with proper handling of dental evidence, and with proper evaluation and presentation of dental findings.

DEFENITION Forensic Odontology is the study of teeth for the investigation of identity and crime. Forensic Dentistry is the application of dental knowledge to those criminal and civil laws that are enforced by police agencies in a criminal justice system.

Basis for Forensic Dentistry The THEORY behind forensic dentistry is that no two mouths are alike (even identical twins are different), & teeth like tools, leave recognizable marks.

The Founder Of Modern Forensic Dentistry Cuban-born Dr. Oscar Amoedo wrote the first essay on forensic odontology in 1898 in Paris, Entitled "Dental Arts and Legal Medicine" which provided the first images and text related to the identification of unknown bodies.

History of Forensic Odontology

1849 – Mass deaths at Vienna Opera House Fire Paul Revere was the first forensic dentist in the United States because he identified fallen revolutionary soldiers. First body identified using teeth was (Lollia Paulina)through discolored front tooth.

First Identification Committee Norway established the first forensic odontology identification committee in 1945 to investigate crime scenes with multiple victims. Each committee consisted of a police officer, a dentist and a doctor working together to identify the deceased.

How To Become a Forensic Odontologist ??? Most forensic odontologists are practicing as dentists. The minimum degree requirement is (DDS). specialized training is a must. The American Board of Forensic Odontology (ABFO) certifies forensic odontologists. Most are members of professional organization.

Organizations of Forensic Odontology Bureau of Legal Dentistry (BOLD). American Society of Forensic Odontology (ASFO). International Organization for Forensic Odonto-Stomatology (IOFOS). American Academy of Forensic Science (AAFS).

Association with Law Enforcement In case requiring identification of postmortem identity or bite-mark analysis Evidence and analysis collected may be applied directly to an open case or be entered into a database for future identification

The Importance of Forensic Odontology Transport accidents.

The Importance of Forensic Odontology Vehicles & house fires.

The Importance of Forensic Odontology Gunshot trauma.

The Importance of Forensic Odontology Individual Identification.

The Importance of Forensic Odontology Mass Disaster Identification: is an unexpected event that causes severe injury and death to a number of people. TYPES

Natural Mass Disaster Earth quakes e.g. Tsunami

Accidental Mass Disaster Air craft & train crashes, building fires.

Intentional Mass Disaster Bombing of buildings: e.g. World trade center.

Challenges In Mass Disasters Large number of human remains. Fragmented and burned remains. Difficulty in determining who was involved in the disaster. Acquisition of meaningful medical and dental records. Legal, jurisdictional and political issues.

Role of Forensic Odontologist Identification of human remains through dental records and assisting at location of mass disaster.

Role of Forensic Odontologist Assessment of cases of abuse (child, spousal, elder).

Role of Forensic Odontologist Assisting investigative agencies to identify corpses, human remains & fragmented bodies.

Role of Forensic Odontologist Assessment of bite mark injuries & compare bite marks with the teeth of a suspect and present this evidence in court as an expert witness.

Role of Forensic Odontologist Presenting evidence in court.

Role of Forensic Odontologist Age estimation. Determining race, occupation, previous dental history and socioeconomic status of unidentified human beings.

Role of Forensic Odontologist The evidence and analysis collected may be applied directly to an open case or be entered into a database for future identification.

Methods for Identification Identity. Traditional methods. Physical features. Dental apparatus.

Identity Characteristics by which a person may be identified.

Traditional Methods Visual recognition, personal property.

Physical features Acquired & inherited features.

Dental apparatus Resistant to post mortem decomposition. Most material used by dentist for restoring teeth are also resistant to post mortem destruction.

Phases of Forensic Identification Data collection & ante-mortem investigation: All available dental records Original radiographs Dental models Cephalometric films Phase 3 Preliminary Evaluation: Nature of death Reason of dental input Phase 1 Comparison & conclusion: All postmortem & ante-mortem information obtained & charted Results compared Conclusion reached Phase 4 Postmortem Exam: Facial & intraoral photograph Oral structures Radiographs Dental impressions Phase 2

Identification POSITIVE PRESUMPTIVE Dental records comparison. Radiological. Fingerprints. DNA. Bite marks. Salivary swap. Dental impression. Lip-prints.

Can you tell the differences of these bite marks?

See you later