Improving Regional PM2.5 Modeling along Utah’s Wasatch Front

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Presentation transcript:

Improving Regional PM2.5 Modeling along Utah’s Wasatch Front Chris Pennell, Nancy Daher 15th Annual CMAS Conference, 2016

Outline Background WRF Modeling Platform CAMx Modifications Results Past Work What’s Next

Background Wasatch Front 80% of Utah population 120 miles long, 5 miles wide Surrounded by mountains and lakes Persistent wintertime inversions contribute to PM2.5 NAAQS exceedances Utah is challenging to model Air stability sensitive to winds near mixing height Difficult to sustain inversions Three Utah PM2.5 nonattainment regions Two in Wasatch Front; One in Cache Valley We are simulating Jan 1 – 11, 2011 PCAPS period

Logan SLC Lindon

Logan SLC SLC, Looking East Lindon SLC, Looking West

Logan SLC Lindon

WRF Met modeling by Univ. of Utah (Foster, Crosman) NLCD 2011 land use improvements to Great Salt Lake Increased WRF albedo by changing: MAXALB (maximum albedo) SNUP (increased snow cover)

Images courtesy of Chris Foster and Erik Crosman, Univ. of Utah

Observations WRF Images courtesy of Chris Foster and Erik Crosman, Univ. of Utah

Modeling Platform CAMx 6.30 Two-way nesting (4 km, 1-33 km) 41 vertical layers (no collapsing) CB6r3, CF Zhang dry deposition scheme Custom mods

4 km (180 x 186) 1.33 km (201 x 90) Two-way Nesting

Jan 8th 24-hour UTC 4 km 1.33 km

CAMx Modifications Urban snow cover fraction = 88% Increases surface albedo Increases ammonium nitrate O3 deposition velocity = 0 More O3 available for NH3, HNO3 oxidation KVPATCH (Ramboll Environ) Increase minimum vertical diffusion coefficients Decreases POA

Snow Fraction CAMx (base) WRF CAMx (mod)

Monitor locations

January 7, 2011 (24-hour mean UTC) Ozone (ppb) January 7, 2011 (24-hour mean UTC)

PNO3 (base) PNO3 (mod) January 7, 2011 (24-hour mean UTC)

Simulated PM2.5 (Jan 5 – 10, UTC)

24-hour PM2.5 Concentrations Measured Modeled

Jan. 5th Jan. 7th Hawthorne (Salt Lake City) 49.1 µg/m3 29.7 µg/m3

Past Work CMAQ 4.7 1 grid at 4 km resolution 14 collapsed layers Vertical advection off CB05, AERO5 CMAQ 4 km domain

36 km UDAQ 2016, 1.33 km Turbulent Fluxes and Pollutant Mixing during Wintertime Air Pollution Episodes in Complex Terrain, Holmes et al. 2015 UDAQ 2014, 4 km

Acknowledgements Erik Crosman, Chris Foster (Univ. of Utah) Gail Tonnesen (EPA) Chris Emery (Ramboll Environ)

END

Histogram of ozone deposition velocity calculations for the snow-covered period (early February) inclusive of both nighttime and daytime data. Mean and median ozone deposition velocity were -0.002 and 0.0 cm s-1 OZONE DEPOSITION VELOCITY DURING SNOW-COVERED AND NON-SNOWCOVERED PERIODS BY EDDY COVARIANCE - Detlev Helmig et al.