Human Reproduction: Reproductive Anatomy LG 2: Understanding of Reproductive Anatomy SC: I can Identify 8 Male Reproductive Organs SC: I can identify 8 Female Reproductive Organs SC: I can explain the functions of reproductive organs LG 3: Understanding of the Travel Path of the Sperm & Egg SC: I can diagram the travel path of the Sperm SC: I can diagram the travel path of the Egg SC: I can explain Menstruation and it’s stages

Reproductive System Overview Reproduction: Making New Offspring Males Make Sperm (Male Sex Cell) 23 Chromosomes donated to child from Father Females Make Eggs (Female Sex Cell) 23 Chromosomes donate to child from Mother Conception: When the Sperm Fertilizes the Egg Internal process (Mammal)

Reproductive System Overview: Hormones Hormone: Natural Chemicals that act as messengers which help the body work properly. These flow with the blood in the blood stream. Sex Hormones: Hormones (gender specific) that trigger change in the body (like puberty), and are responsible for the production of Sex Cells. Male Sex Hormone: Testosterone Female Sex Hormone: Estrogen, Progesterone

Reproductive Terminology Genital: The parts of the reproductive system that are outside of the body. Semen: Thick, Whitish Fluid that carries and nourishes Sperm. Gland: The parts of the body which produce important fluids Gonad: The sex glands. Gonads make Sex Cells (Eggs & Sperm) and Sex Hormones Male: Testicles Female: Ovaries

Male Reproductive System

Male Reproductive System

Male Reproductive System: Organs & Functions Penis: The organ of the male genitals. Responsible for transmission of semen to the Vagina. Testicle: Male gonads. Testicles are found in the scrotum and they make sperm and produce testosterone. (Also called testes) Scrotum: the sac that holds the testes and is responsible for regulating temperature.

Male Reproductive System: Organs & Functions Epididymis: Coiled tube, connected to the testicle. Once sperm are made, they are stored for maturation in the Epididymis. Vas Deferens: The tube that carries mature sperm from the Epididymis into the body. Seminal Vesicle: Glands on each of the vas deferens that make some of the liquid part of semen

Male Reproductive System: Organs & Functions Prostate Gland: Gland under the bladder that makes some of the liquid part of the semen. Cowper’s Gland: Glands attached to the Urethra that make a discharge which lines the urethra during an erection. This fluid protects the sperm as they leave the body. Urethra: the tube that carries Semen (and urine) out of the body.

Male Reproductive System: The Penis—a Deeper Look Shaft: The long, skin-covered part of the penis Head: The nerve-filled part at the end of the penis (glans penis) Foreskin: The sleeve of skin around the Head of the penis. It is sometimes removed. Circumcision: An operation to remove the foreskin from the penis. Flaccid: A state in which the penis is not erect Erection: the penis fills with blood becoming larger and harder, preparing for ejaculation.

The Travel Path of the Sperm Testicle: Sperm Production Epididymis: Sperm Maturation Vas Deferens Prostate & Seminal Vesicle: Sperm to Semen Urethra & Cowper’s Gland Penis ...and then...

EJACULATION! Ejaculation: The release of Semen from the Penis. Ejaculate: syn. Semen Pre-Ejaculate: Fluid secreted by Cowper’s Gland 40 Million to 600 Million Sperm per each Ejaculation Occurs at average speed of 28 mph In a lifetime, men will produce 14 gallons of Sperm

Female Reproductive System External View

Female Reproductive System Internal View

Female Reproductive System: Internal Organs & Functions Fallopian Tubes (Uterine Tubes): The ducts that carry an Ovum (Egg) from the Ovary to the Uterus Ovary: Female Gonad. Glands on either side of the Uterus where egg cells are stored and female hormones are made.

Female Reproductive System: Internal Organs & Functions Vagina: The “tube” leading from the Uterus to the outside of the female’s body. This is also called the Birth Canal Cervix: The opening of the Uterus to the Vagina Uterus: The organ where the fetus grows until birth.

Female Reproductive System: External Organs & Functions Clitoris: The part of the female genitals that is nerve-packed—much like the penis head. Labia (Majora & Minora): Folds of skin in the fmale genitals that protect the openings to the Urethra and Vagina. Hymen: The think skin that partly covers the opening to the vagina. It may be absent in some females.

Female Reproductive System: Other tid-bits Vulva: Term for Female Genitals Urethra: Tube that cares urine out of the body Ovum: syn. Egg Discharge: Liquid/Fluid. Usually describes normal wetness of the vagina or abnormal wetness that may come from an infection in the Penis or Vagina

The Travel Path of the Egg Ovary: Storage & Maturation Fallopian Tube: Egg Carried to the Uterus --Conception or Menstruation– Uterus: Egg embeds in Uterine Lining Cervix: Vagina (Birth Canal)

Menstruation: YOUR PERIOD Menstruation: Process in which the Uterine Lining is broken down and discharged. Also called the Period. Menstruation occurs on a 28 day (averaged) Cycle. Days 1-5: The Uterine Lining is discharged from the body Days 6-13: The Uterine Lining begins to build back up in preparation for Ovulation. Days 14-17: OVULATION: the Ovum travels through the Fallopian Tube to be fertilized by the Sperm. Days 18-28: If the egg is not fertilized, the Uterine Lining begins breaking down in preparation for expulsion.

Menstruation: YOUR PERIOD Most girls will have their first period between the ages of 10-16 Most girls will be about 100 lbs. when it happens. The PERIOD will last between 2-7 days Tampons (inserted into the Vagina) and Pads should be changed often, as they can be Odorous...and it’s not a bad idea to carry an extra with you if you think your PERIOD is coming. You CAN be active during your PERIOD In fact, being active can help alleviate Cramps and Bloating The average cycle is 28 days—once a month—but can vary An irregular period is normal for Pubescent