Helping younger smokers quit: Long term effects of telephone counseling for 18-25 year-olds A Randomized Clinical Trial Vance Rabius, ABD MA Alfred L. McAlister, PhD Angela Geiger, MBA Joanne Pike, MA LPC Ronald Todd, MSEd

Study Phases Participant screening and randomization Baseline assessment Demographic Information Stage of Change Treatment Moderator Treatment phase Assessment of smoking status

Telephone Counseling Protocol 5 Session Breakdown Session 1 – Motivation Enhancement Session 2 – Preparation for Quitting QUIT DATE Session 3 – Relapse Prevention Training Session 4 – Relapse Prevention Training (Booster) Session 5 – Relapse Prevention Training (Booster)

CLINICAL TRIAL DATES JUNE 2000 – MAY 2001 3522 Cases Randomized - Approximately 12% of sample under 26 years of age 420 18-25 years old 204 randomized to counseling 216 randomized to self help

SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS Demographics: 41% of sample from Texas Smoking Status: Gender 61% female 38% male 1% unspecified Average number of cigarettes smoked daily – 18.4 6 previous quit attempts 68% have been smoking over 5 years Education 76% high school graduate or higher 5% college graduate Response Rates: Marital Status 66% single 29% married Counseling 25% Self-help 26% Ethnicity 73% Anglo 12% African-American 9% Hispanic

NRT was not used frequently – Approximately 7% of the sample used any form of NRT. Despite the small sample size there was still a trend for positive association between NRT use and quitting success (13% vs. 5%, p=0.09) Social Pressure vs. Social Support

Counseling Clearly Benefited This Group QUIT RATES for those randomized to counseling ARE ABOUT TRIPLE those for the Self-help only group BUT DUE TO the low RESPONSE RATE this result further research is desirable. AT 1 YEAR DIFFICULTY IN FOLLOWING THIS AGE GROUP indicates future research should plan and budget for special contact strategies. HEALTH PSYC ARTICLE – 3 & 6 MONTH RESULTS ACS is currently conducting a 7-arm trial to assess if varying duration or number of sessions impacts effectiveness among various subgroups.