Constructing influence diagrams Decision-maker: EPA Decision: Permit use of potentially carcinogenic chemical? Alternative courses of action Permit Restrict Ban Uncertainty: hazards Imperfect information: test and survey

Consequences Decision Value Usage decision Economic value Net value Cancer cost

Uncertain events Decision Consequences Value Usage decision Economic value Exposure rate Net value Cancer cost Carcinogenic potential Cancer risk

Imperfect information Uncertain events Decision Consequences Value Test Usage decision Survey Economic value Exposure rate Net value Cancer cost Carcinogenic potential Cancer risk