Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

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Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
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Presentation transcript:

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance Chapter 20 Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Response to decreased or elevated Blood Pressure Figure 20-1: Integrated responses to changes in blood volume and blood pressure

Figure 20-2: Water balance in the body Body Water Balance Drinking & eating provides water Kidney conserves water so output = intake Figure 20-2: Water balance in the body

Figure 20-3: Role of the kidneys in water balance Body Water Balance Figure 20-3: Role of the kidneys in water balance

Water Balance Reflex: Regulators of Vasopressin Release Figure 20-7: Factors affecting vasopressin release

Sodium Balance: Intake & Excretion Figure 20-11: Homeostatic responses to eating salt

Angiotensin Pathway: Maintains BP , Volume & Osmolarity Angiotensinogen, ANGI, ANG II, rennin, & ACE Figure 20-13: The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone pathway

Artial Naturetic Peptide: Regulates Na+ & H2O Excretion Figure 20-15: Atrial natriuretic peptide

Response to Dehydration & Osmolarity Imbalance Figure 20-17 : Homeostatic compensation for severe dehydration

Acid/Base Homeostasis: Overview Acidosis:  plasma pH Protein damage CNS depression Alkalosis:  plasma pH Hyperexcitability CNS & heart Buffers: HCO3- & proteins H+ input: diet & metabolic H+ output: lungs & kidney

Acid/Base Homeostasis: Overview Figure 20-18: Hydrogen balance in the body

Kidney Hydrogen Ion Balancing: Collecting Duct Type A Intercalated cells excrete H+ absorb HCO3- Type B intercalated cells absorb H+ secrete HCO3-

Kidney Hydrogen Ion Balancing: Collecting Duct Figure 20-22: Role of the intercalated cell in acidosis and alkalosis

Classifications of Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease.

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