Web-based Class Project on Geoenvironmental Remediation SOIL VAPOR EXTRACTION Prepared by: Elaine Wild Adam Lobbestael With the Support of: Report prepared as part of course CEE 549: Geoenvironmental Engineering Winter 2013 Semester Instructor: Professor Dimitrios Zekkos Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Michigan

INTRODUCTION Remediation technique for treating contaminated soils within the vadose zone In-situ remediation technique Commonly used to remove volatile compounds Petroleum Chlorinated Products

CONTAMINANT & SITE SUITABILITY VVOCs, VOCs, and SVOCs Low boiling point High vapor pressure Increase volatility of substance, Increase the ease as which SVE removes the contaminant Effectively removes: Petroleum (benzene, toluene, and xylenes) Chlorinated Products (tetrachloroethene and perchloroethylene) www.arb.ca.gov www.epa.gov deq.mt.gov

CONTAMINANT & SITE SUITABILITY Soil Composition Fine to medium sands Permeability High permeability (>10-6) Groundwater Conditions Unsaturated Zone GW table > 10 ft bgs

PREDOMINANT PROCESSES Volatization Dominant process of SVE High vapor pressure Advection Transport of a substance through a medium Negative pressure gradient induced by wells (USACE, 2002)

PREDOMINANT PROCESSES Diffusion Spreading of a substance through medium Movement due to concentration gradient Desorption Process where a substance is removed from a surface to the air Movement due to a concentration gradient (USACE, 2002)

- Determining Applicability - DESIGN & OPERATION - Determining Applicability - (USACE, 2002)

- Determining Applicability - DESIGN & OPERATION - Determining Applicability - Vapor Flow Rate Contaminant Concentration Location/Setting of Contaminant At end of this slide, discuss questions (highlight 2 and 4) (Johnson et al, 1990)

DESIGN & OPERATION - Pilot Scale Testing - Work through diagram and discuss important aspects of pilot scale testing (USACE, 2002)

DESIGN & OPERATION - System Design -

DESIGN & OPERATION - System Design -

DESIGN & OPERATION - System Design - Thermal Oxidation Catalytic Oxidation Condensation Carbon Absorption Resins Absorption Biofiltration Internal Combustion Engine Flares Diffuser Stacks http://us.ctp-airpollutioncontrol.com

- Operation & Monitoring - DESIGN & OPERATION - Operation & Monitoring - Vapor Flow Rates Pressure Readings Vapor Concentrations and Compositions Temperature Water Table Levels When discussing cost and duration, explain that wide range is due to the fact that SVE is often used in conjunction with other technologies such as AS or BV. serc.carleton.edu

- Operation & Monitoring - DESIGN & OPERATION - Operation & Monitoring - Cost Range: $0.35/lb to $220/lb Duration: Months to Years When discussing cost and duration, explain that wide range is due to the fact that SVE is often used in conjunction with other technologies such as AS or BV. serc.carleton.edu

ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES Ease of construction/readily available materials Cost effective and relatively quick Amenable to numerical modeling Disadvantages: Limited to high permeability soils Limited to vadose zone Ex situ applications have high exposure to contaminant

More detailed technical information on this project can be found at: http://www.geoengineer.org/education/web-based-class-projects/geoenvironmental-remediation-technologies (www.rib-software.com) Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering www.rib-software.com