Fugitive Slave Act (part of compromise of 1850) A law stating A person arrested as a runaway slave had no legal rights A person helping a slave to escape or refusing to help slave catchers could be jailed

Fugitive Slave Act (part of compromise of 1850) North’s View South’s View Outraged Free African Americans could be forced into slavery Most wanted to stay out of the slave fight (this forced them to get involved) Many joined abolition movement (horrified by what they witnessed) Most refused to support Act Didn’t do enough to protect property

Fugitive Slave Act How did it pull the country apart Abolition voice get louder While most northerners still don’t care about slavery… their voice is not heard South feels attacked- Economically – no enough to protect property, labor source threatened by abolitionist Politically- Compromise of 1850 left Southern power vulnerable, this part not being enforced Socially- southern way of life, social class system under attack my abolitionist

Uncle Tom’s Cabin written by and abolitionist who had a vision about the horrors slavery 1852 Novel By Harriet Beecher Stowe About a saintly slave and cruelty of slavery Made the realities of slavery visible to the north (fear of sale, separations of families, harsh treatment)

Uncle Tom’s Cabin North’s View South’s View Eye opener Millions more join the abolition movement Lincoln later credits Stowe with starting the War Felt like they were under attack Didn't believe it was a fair portrayal of their society “Most treat slaves as family”

Uncle Tom’s Cabin How does it pull the country apart? Abolition movement grows Louder voice (more political pressure about slavery and its spread) More active underground railroad While most northerners still don’t care about slavery, their voice is not heard (they’re not talking/acting) South goes on defense for attacks Economic- loss of property, threat to labor source Politically- more important to keep balance of power Socially- social class system

Kansas-Nebraska Act Stephen Douglas (Illinois)- pushed this bill through because he wanted to build a railroad to California Trying to avoid another standoff in Congress like Missouri and California 1854 Act that opened Kansas and Nebraska territories for settlement Settlers would decide the slave issue (popular sovereignty) Abolished the Missouri Compromise (36 30 line)

Kansas Nebraska Act North’s View South’s View Angry- Allowed slavery to spread to the Great Plains Undid the Missouri Compromise Supported- allowed for popular sovereignty Supported states rights

Kansas Nebraska Act How does it pull the country apart Causes a mad rush to Kansas of people who feel the strongest about the slave issue Abolitionist and pro-slave settlers will not have common ground will not agree on government will have conflict

Lawrence, Kansas Pottawatomie, Kansas Settlers pour into Kansas (1854-1856) some peaceful farmers looking for farm land Pro-slave settlers (from south) funded by towns back home Anti-slave settlers (from North) funded by abolition groups in the north 2 competing governments form in Kansas- one pro-slave one anti-slave May 21, 1856- “border ruffians” from Missouri invade Lawrence, Kansas (home of anti-slave government) – burn and loot the town May23, 1856- Abolitionist including John Brown invade pro-slave Pottawatomie, Kansas and kill 5 men suspected of pro-slave activities.

Lawrence, Kansas Pottawatomie, Kansas North’s View South’s View Outraged by Lawrence Raise money to replace damaged items More “free-soilers” prepare to move to Kansas Pro-slave bullies Outraged by Pottawatomie Shocked by bloodshed

Bloodshed in Kansas How did it pull the country apart? Many fear this is a sign that compromise can not be found on this issue, Many start to believe the only way to solve the nations division will be a war

Beating of Senator Sumner 1856 Senator Sumner delivers a passionate speech about what happened in Kansas Calls out Douglas (Ill) and Butler (SC) Copies of the speech circulate around the north 2 days later Preston Brooks (Butler’s nephew) attacks Sumner on the Senate floor with a cane Beats him until he is bloody and unconscious

Beating of Senator Sumner North’s View South’s View Viewed as an example of southern brutality Brooks was a pro-slave bully Some call for war Many applaud Brooks for defending his families honor Supported send Brooks new canes to replace the one he broke

Beating of Senator Sumner How does it pull the Country a part? Many fear this is a sign that compromise can not be found on this issue, Many start to believe the only way to solve the nations division will be a war

Dred Scott Decision Scott was not a citizen, could not sue 1857 Scott was a slave who sued for his freedom Supreme Court heard the case and ruled Was Scott a citizen? Did he have a right to sue? Did moving to Wisconsin make him Free? Scott was not a citizen, could not sue No Af. Amer. were citizens free or slave Did Congress have the power to make laws concerning slavery in the territories? Was Missouri Compromises Constitutional? Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional 5th Amendment protects property (slaves are property) WRAP read 21.7 finish last 3 columns with group

Dred Scott Decision North’s View South’s View Angry – undid compromises of the past Hopeful that the issue of slavery in the territories was settled once and for all How does it pull the Country apart? Political fight over the spread of slavery increase. How to handle expansion enlight of the ruling became a issue in many political campaigns Abolition groups become more vocal about ending slavery Moral question of slavery discussed more

Lincoln-Douglas Debates 1858 Both campaigning for Illinois Senate seat Held a series of debates (slavery was a main topic) Lincoln took a stand against the spread of slavery Lincoln lost this election, but made a name for himself and became a national figure Allowed Lincoln to run for President in 1860

Lincoln-Douglas Debates North’s View South’s View Lincoln gained name recognition Support Lincolns position against the spread of slavery Saw Lincoln as an enemy of the South How does it pull the country apart? The debates highlight the different political views of the time. (North vs. South) Lincolns arguments in these debates will contribute to the reasons for southern secession when he is elected President in 1860

John Brown’s Raid 1859 John Brown was an abolitionist Invaded federal armory in Harper’s Ferry, Va. Hoped to arm slaves and start a rebellion John Brown and his men were all killed or captured, no rebellion broke out WRAP read 21.8 complete last 3 columns w/group

John Browns Raid North’s View South’s View Abolitionist call him a hero Most northern think Brown was a radical who got the right punishment Attacked Felt the north wanted them killed How did this event pull the country part? Added to the us verse them feeling in the country Increase the souths need to defend its citizens (from attack), way of life and political interests