Bell Ringer What is the contour interval for this map? *Hand back graded work

Chemistry Basics

Matter Matter – anything that has mass and volume Made of substances called elements Element -- substance that cannot be broken down to simpler substances by any means

Matter The elements hydrogen and helium make up about 99.8% of the elements in the universe (mostly stars)

Matter The two most common elements on Earth are oxygen and silicon, found mostly in rocks and minerals Other common elements on Earth: aluminum, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium, & magnesium

Matter Compounds – substances made of two or more combined elements Example: carbon dioxide, CO2, is made of the elements carbon and oxygen

Properties of Matter Chemical property – a substance’s characteristic that indicates whether it can go through a chemical change Examples: flammability, oxidation (reaction with oxygen) Physical property – a substance’s characteristic that can be observed without changing the substance’s identity Examples: color, shape, size, phase of matter

Properties of Matter Chemical change (chemical reaction) – a change from one substance to another substance Physical change – changing a physical property of matter without changing the type of matter Example: phases changes (ice, water, and steam are all still chemically H2O) = Ice, water, steam… physically different, but all still chemically the same

Properties of Matter Law of Conservation of Matter – matter may chemically or physically change, but the quantity stays the same (matter is NOT created or destroyed)

Phase Changes Four phases of matter in the universe – solid, liquid, gas, and plasma A substance changes to different phases of matter with the addition or removal of heat

Phase Changes Plasma – superheated gas particles (temps > 5000oC) So hot they glow Examples: stars, lightning, and neon lights

Phase Changes 5. 4. 3. Evaporation 1. 2.

Take a few minutes to prepare for quiz. Any questions? Testing Procedures