3-1 crustal deformation Unit 3: Dynamic Earth
Vocabulary Anticline: Fracture: Deformation: Fault: Syncline Tectonic Plates: Anticline: upward fold Fracture: break in a rock Deformation: change in rock due to stress Fault: a break in the earth's crust along which blocks of the crust slide relative to one another Syncline; downward fold Tectonic Plates: a giant mass of solid rock that makes up the outermost part of the earth.
Original Horizontality Sedimentary rock and some extrusive igneous rocks, such as lava flows, form in horizontal layers parallel to Earth's surface.
strata These layers are called strata.
Crustal Movement Rocks found in other positions are thought to have been deformed by crustal movement. Some of the types of deformed layers are Folded Tilted faulted.
Deformation Folded rock layers are bent or curved. Tilted rock layers are slanted or tipped.
Faults Faulted rock layers are offset or displaced along a type of crack called a fault.
Faulting A fault is a crack in a mass of rock along which there has been displacement, shifting, or movement of the rock layers on each side of the crack.