B. Endocrine Regulation - System of ____________________________________ - Takes _____ for the chemicals to reach their target organ and it takes time for the organ to react - Overall endocrine regulation takes _______________ but has __________________ on the organisms - Involved in ______________ and ________________

1. Endocrine Glands and Hormones - ___________________________ _____________ (no tube) ______________________________________________ - _______________________ chemical released in one area of the body that affect somewhere else in the body ____________________________ _______________ and steroid hormones a) Hypothalamus - connection between the ___________________________ - located in the brain – combination of nervous and endocrine tissue - secretes pituitary stimulating hormones

b) _______________________ - located in the _____________ next to the hypothalamus - “_____________” – sends out hormones that controls other endocrine glands 1 – ______________________ ________________ (TSH) affects thyroid gland – helps _______________________ 2 – ______________________ _________________ (FSH) ______________________ of the _________________ in females and _____________ __________ of males

3 – Adrenocorticotropic Hormone stimulates the adrenal glands 4 – ______________________ (GH) stimulates ______, ______, _______ cells Hyposecretion - dwarfism Hypersecretion – giantism, acromegaly

c) ________________________ - located _____________________________ - ____________ – regulates the rate of _________ made from ______________ - ___________ – enlargement of the thyroid

d) ____________________________ - located on the back of the __________________ “little buttons” - ________________ – regulates _____________________ __________________________________________

e) ______________________________ 1 – _____________ – epinephrine ___________________, liver releases _______, _____________, __________, sweating 2 – _________ – ___________________ slows down the metabolic rate, causes the liver to uptake glucose, slow immune system - “_______________” response – in times of stress adrenaline is released  ________ _________________________________ after the stress cortisol is released to bring your body back to “normal” 3 – Steroids – help build muscle, water balance

f) __________________________ – _________________ 1 – _________ – causes cells ______________ in the liver _____________________________ ________________________ 2 – _________________ – causes the liver to _____________________ ______________________

3 – _____________ – islets ________________________ the person ____________________________________ Symptoms: lose weight, thirsty, weakness, glucose in the urine

g) Gonads 1) ______________________ 1 – ________ – stimulates the development of the female reproductive system ____________________________ – hip shape, fat deposits, breast development 2 – Progesterone – “pregnancy hormone” with estrogen the hormones regulate the menstrual cycle

2) ______________________ 1 – ____________ – stimulates the development of the male reproductive system ________________________ – body hair, voice, muscle

2. ________________________________ - _______________________________________________ - Usually deals with hormones and body tissues a) _________________________ ___________________________ – “snow ball effect” the change keeps increasing Ex: Contractions during birth Baby movements stimulate the uterus wall to contract When the uterus wall contracts it causes the baby to move  each time the baby move a little more and the contractions get a little stronger

b) ____________________________________ ________________________________________________ Ex : an _____________ causes ________________, but the ____________ causes a ____________  helps to maintain homeostasis Ex 2: the pituitary produces TSH  and increase in TSH stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete thyroxine  an increase in thyroxine cause the pituitary to stop secreting TSH