CORRECT FORM OF VERB/SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT CLASSES 9, 10, 11 (MCQS 5 MARKS EACH)  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)

RULES UNDERLYING CORRECT USE OF FORM OF VERB Type of VerbUsed when there is…Type of Tense 1 st Form of Verb (+s, es when subject is singular except ‘I’) Repeated action or natural phenomenon (daily, always, everyday…) Present Indefinite 2 nd Form of VerbYesterday, last, agoPast Indefinite will/shall + 1 st F.VTomorrow, next…Future Indefinite has/have + 3 rd F.VAlreadyPresent Perfect had + 3 rd F.VBefore + 2 nd F.VPast Perfect will/shall have + 3 rd F.Vby + future time (or before + 1 st F.V) Future Perfect is/am/are + ing F.VNow, at present (or future plan) Present Continuous was/were + ing F.VLong parallel actionPast Continuous has/have been + ing F.VSince, forPresent Perfect Continuous

General Rules: A. 1 st F.V is always used with the following: 1. Will – would 2. Shall – should 3. Can – could 4. May – might 5. Do/Does – did Examples: 1. I will/shall/would/should/can/could/may/might/do not/did not______ hard. (A) works (B) worked (C) working (D) work  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)

General Rules continued: B. To + 1 st F.V (infinitive) Example: 1. I want to ________ the poor. (A) helps (B) helping (C) help (D) helped C. To + ing F.V 1. I come here with a view to ____________. (A) study (B) studying (C) studied (D) studies B. To + 1 st F.V (infinitive) Example: 1.I watched him _______. (A)goes (B)to go (C)go (D)went  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)

Has/have/had + 3 rd F.V Example: 1. They have/had _________ their work. (A) did (B) doing (C) done (D) does 2. She has/had ________ her work. (A) did (B) doing (C) done (D) does General Rules continued:

Caution about active/passive! 1. Girls were (A) sing (B) sings (C) sung (D) Singing 2. Songs were _________ (A) sing (B) sings (C) sung (D) Singing  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)

Conditionals: Type 1 1 st F.V with if clause: will/shall + 1 st form with main clause. Examples: 1. If he _______hard, he will pass. (A) worked (B) work (C) works (D) will work 2. If they ________ fast, they will catch the train. (A) runs (B) run (C) rans (D) will run  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)

Conditionals: Type 2 2 nd F.V with if clause: would + 1 st form with main clause. Examples: 1. If he _______hard, he would pass. (A) worked (B) work (C) works (D) will work 2. If they ________ fast, they would catch the train. (A) runs (B) run (C) rans (D) will run  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)

Conditionals: Type 3 Had + 3 rd F.V with if clause: would have + 1 st form with main clause. Examples: 1. If he _______hard, he would have pass. (A) Had worked (B) worked (C) works (D) will work 2. If they ________ fast, they would have catch the train. (A) run (B) Had run (C) ran (D) will run  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)

Use of (since/ for) Name of time (since)Counting of time (for) January, February, March etc.One month, two months, three months Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday etc.One day, two days, three days etc. Morning / Evening / Yesterday / Noon / last (day, month, year) For many days, for a long time etc. 2010, 2015, 2018, 2019 etc.Many years, several years, ten years, twenty years etc. Six o’clock, eight o’clock, two o’clock, three o’clock etc. One hour, two hours, three hours, ten hours etc.  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)

1. The earth around the sun. (A) revolve (B) revolved (C) revolves (D) revolving  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #1 (1 st F.V with natural phenomenon + s or es with singular subj)

2. They always back home late. (A) come (B) comes (C) was coming (D) had come  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #1 (1 st F.V with natural phenomenon + s or es with singular subj)

3. Good students always hard. (A) work (B) works (C) worked (D) working  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #1 (1 st F.V with natural phenomenon + s or es with singular subj)

4. She her car very much. (A) love (B) loves (C) has love (D) had love  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #1 (1 st F.V with natural phenomenon + s or es with singular subj)

5. She at ten. (A) sleep (B) sleeps (C) is sleep (D) sleeping  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #1 (1 st F.V with natural phenomenon + s or es with singular subj)

6. The sun _________ in the west. (A) will set (B) sets (C) is set (D) are set  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #1 (1 st F.V with natural phenomenon + s or es with singular subj)

7. Media a very constructive role for the society. (A) play (B) plays (C) played (D) playing  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #1 (1 st F.V with natural phenomenon + s or es with singular subj)

8. It _________ in winter. (A) rained (B) rains (C) will rain (D) is raining  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #1 (1 st F.V with natural phenomenon + s or es with singular subj)

1. He here yesterday. (A) has come (B) came (C) will come (D) come  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #2 (2 nd F.V with any action before now, yesterday, last, ago)

2. She to school an hour ago. (A) go (B) goes (C) went (D) is going  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #2 (2 nd F.V with any action before now, yesterday, last, ago)

3. He to Lahore yesterday. (A) has gone (B) went (C) will have gone (D) goes  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #2 (2 nd F.V with any action before now, yesterday, last, ago)

4. It to rain an hour ago. (A) begins (B) is beginning (C) has been beginning (D) began  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #2 (2 nd F.V with any action before now, yesterday, last, ago)

1. He take the examination next year. (A) will have (B) will (C) will be (D) shall  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #3 (will/shall + 1 st F.V, tomorrow, next (day, year, month etc.)

2. Shefor London tomorrow. (A) is leaving (B) was leaving (C) has left (D) left  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #3 (will/shall + 1 st F.V, tomorrow, next (day, year, month etc.)

3. He to us tomorrow. (A) comes (B) will come (C) came (D) had come  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #3 (will/shall + 1 st F.V, tomorrow, next (day, year, month etc.)

4. They will for London tomorrow. (A) leave (B) leaves (C) left (D) leaving  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #3 (will/shall + 1 st F.V, tomorrow, next (day, year, month etc.)

5. I him next Monday. (A) see (B) shall see (C) saw (D) seen  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #3 (will/shall + 1 st F.V, tomorrow, next (day, year, month etc.)

1. I already two cups of tea. (A) take (B) took (C) has taken (D) have taken  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #4 (has/have + 3 rd F.V, (already), or past action with no time).

2. She already breakfast. (A) take (B) took (C) has taken (D) have taken  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #4 (has/have + 3 rd F.V, (already), or past action with no time).

3. They already lunch. (A) take (B) took (C) has taken (D) have taken  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #4 (has/have + 3 rd F.V, (already), or past action with no time).

1. After you, I went to sleep. (A) had left (B) have left (C) will leave (D) leaves  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #5 (had + 3 rd F.V, (before or after + past tense available), past of the past

2. He went home after he his work. (A) finished (B) has finished (C) have finished (D) had finished  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #5 (had + 3 rd F.V, (before or after + past tense available), past of the past

3. I ________ my work before the guest came. (A) finished (B) has finished (C) have finished (D) had finished  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #5 (had + 3 rd F.V, (before or after + past tense available), past of the past

4. The patient ______ before the doctor came. (A) died (B) has died (C) have died (D) had died  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #5 (had + 3 rd F.V, (before or after + past tense available), past of the past

1. She her work by the time guests arrive. (A) finished (B) will have finished (C) finish (D) have finished  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #6 (will/shall have + 3 rd F.V, (by + future time/ event etc.) or before + present tense available

2. She her work before the guests arrive. (A) finished (B) will have finished (C) finish (D) have finished  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #6 (will/shall have + 3 rd F.V, (by + future time/ event etc.) or before + present tense available

3. She her work by next March/2021/Monday. (A) finished (B) will have finished (C) finish (D) have finished  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #6 (will/shall have + 3 rd F.V, (by + future time/ event etc.) or before + present tense available

1. The baby for milk now. (A) cried (B) is crying (C) was crying (D) will cry  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #7 (is, am, are + ing F.V) (now, at present) (present continuous)

2. It at present. (A) rains (B) rained (C) is raining (D) was raining  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #7 (is, am, are + ing F.V) (now, at present) (present continuous)

1. When I reached her home, she floor. (A) will have washed (B) has washed (C) will be washing (D) was washing  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #8 (two parallel actions: 1 long other short) (was, were + ing with long) (2 nd form with short)

2. He was riding a bike when he an accident. (A) meet (B) meets (C) met (D) meeting  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #8 (two parallel actions: 1 long other short) (was, were + ing with long) (2 nd form with short)

3. I a book when the bell rang. (A) read (B) reading (C) was reading (D) is reading  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #8 (two parallel actions: 1 long other short) (was, were + ing with long) (2 nd form with short)

1. I here for two hours. (A) was waiting (B) waited (C) have been waiting (D) am waiting  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #9 (has/have been + ing F.V) (since, for) (an action with started in the past and is still happening).

2. I my homework for two hours when my friend came. (A) do (B) have been doing (C) had been doing (D) was doing  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #9 (has/have been + ing F.V) (since, for) (an action with started in the past and is still happening).

3. She since morning. (A) sleeping (B) has been sleeping (C) slept (D) was sleeping  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #9 (has/have been + ing F.V) (since, for) (an action with started in the past and is still happening).

4. I _ living in this house since 1990 (A) has been (B) have been (C) was (D) will be  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #9 (has/have been + ing F.V) (since, for) (an action with started in the past and is still happening).

5. The book on the table for weeks. (A)lie (B) lies (C) was lying (D) has been lying  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #9 (has/have been + ing F.V) (since, for) (an action with started in the past and is still happening).

6. She sleeping since morning. (A) was (B) has been (C) had (D) will  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #9 (has/have been + ing F.V) (since, for) (an action with started in the past and is still happening).

1. I the paper then. (A) was reading (B) have read (C) shall be reading (D) had read  By: Muhammad Nawaz Amin (Assistant Professor English)  Rule #10 (direct/indirect consideration) 1.Now then 2.This that 3.Here there 4.Today that day