Figure 2. Performance of penalized likelihood for the estimation of the variance covariance matrix and comparison with ... Figure 2. Performance of penalized.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Figure 1 3D heat maps generated by GBM

Advertisements

Figure 1 Experimental workflow and predictive modelling

Figure 1 (a) Predicted dispersal success of hatchling turtles as a function of the interaction between hatchling body ... Figure 1 (a) Predicted dispersal.

Unless provided in the caption above, the following copyright applies to the content of this slide: Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the.

Figure 1 Movement of 10 individuals during the last 5000 time steps of 2 example simulations, without (a) or with (b) ... Figure 1 Movement of 10 individuals.

Figure 1 Data-selection process

Figure 1 Flow diagram detailing the systematic review process.

Unless provided in the caption above, the following copyright applies to the content of this slide: Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.

Figure 1 Network topology as a function of dopaminergic state

Figure 1 Mechanism of mortality benefit associated with radial access

Unless provided in the caption above, the following copyright applies to the content of this slide: Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the.

Figure 1 The Kaplan–Meier curves of time to death post first hospitalization. hosp, hospitalization. Unless provided in the caption above, the following.

AHA: American Heart Association; ALT: ...

Figure 1. Serum ceftazidime concentrations following intravenous administration. Unless provided in the caption above, the following copyright applies.

Figure 1 A dot plot illustrating the correlation between the yearly absolute risk difference for both MACE and major ... Figure 1 A dot plot illustrating.

Fig. 1 CT demonstrating aortic wall thickening with renal artery involvement (short arrow). There is also subtle ... Fig. 1 CT demonstrating aortic wall.

Source: Figure created by the author based on data ...

bDMARD: biologic DMARD.

Black: diagnosis ... Black: diagnosis from any department; grey: diagnosis at a rheumatology department. Unless provided in the caption above, the following.

RCTs: randomized controlled ...

Fig. 1 Graphical representation of improving mortality in stroke patients since the inception of a national stroke ... “Graph courtesy of George Dunn,

Fig. 1 MRI aspect of an osteitis of the left acetabulum at baseline (A), 3 months (B), 1 year (C) and 2 years later, ... Fig. 1 MRI aspect of an osteitis.

Figure 1 Mean ± standard error proportions of (a) courtship and (b) copulation by female-male type pairing. Error bars ... Figure 1 Mean ± standard error.

Take home figure The protective role of CNP/NPR-B/NPRC.

Fig. 3 Interrelationship between themes describing the experiences of people with shoulder disorders Unless provided in the caption above, the following.

Unless provided in the caption above, the following copyright applies to the content of this slide: Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the.

x-axis, post-partum days. Closed ...

Fig. 1. A flowchart of cohort participants screened, enrolled and followed-up between 1 July 2015 and 31 May Fig. 1. A flowchart of cohort participants.

Fig. 1 Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematous at the lower limbs

Fig. 1 Flow chart of included patients for analyses

Fig. 1 Flow chart for selection of study subjects

Figure 1. (a) Geographical representation of sample collection area

Prevalence and distribution of ...

Unless provided in the caption above, the following copyright applies to the content of this slide: Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.

Unless provided in the caption above, the following copyright applies to the content of this slide: Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.

Figure 1 Relationships between pair indices of dance performance (joint entropy or mutual information) and the past ... Figure 1 Relationships between.

Figure 1. Time–kill studies for selected isolates (each line represents the average of duplicate studies). AMP, ... Figure 1. Time–kill studies for selected.

Figure 1 Immunohistochemistry for human cell differentiation molecules in samples of the right ventricular septum from ... Figure 1 Immunohistochemistry.

Figure 1. Percentage of Pacific and European children completing all components of B4SC in 2013 and 2015 Figure 1. Percentage of Pacific and European.

Figure Ranking of Cardiovascular Journals as published by Clarivate Analytics. Unless provided in the caption above, the following copyright applies.

Figure 1. Trunk and leg fat over study period. LS, log transformed.

Unless provided in the caption above, the following copyright applies to the content of this slide: Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.

Unless provided in the caption above, the following copyright applies to the content of this slide: Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.

Fig. 1 Kaplan-Meier plot presenting no difference in progression to RA in patients with clinically suspect ... Fig. 1 Kaplan-Meier plot presenting no difference.

Figure 1. Oncoprint of selected pathogenic alterations detected in ctDNA. Unless provided in the caption above, the following copyright applies to the.

Unless provided in the caption above, the following copyright applies to the content of this slide: Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.

Unless provided in the caption above, the following copyright applies to the content of this slide: Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the.

Figure 2. Biomarkers for prediction of differences in PFS and objective response rate between GP and GT arm in patients ... Figure 2. Biomarkers for prediction.

Fig. 2. —Phylogenetic relationships and motif compositions of some representative MORC genes in plants and animals. ... Fig. 2. —Phylogenetic relationships.

Fig. 1 A network representation of top 100 co-occurring terms

Figure 1 Changes in average first serve speed (km/h) over age in women (dark gray; online version red) and men (light ... Figure 1 Changes in average first.

Unless provided in the caption above, the following copyright applies to the content of this slide: Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.

Fig. 1 Statistics of the main characters’ dialogues.

Figure 1 Patient selection.

Fig. 1 Query formulation process in CLIR

Figure 1 Grant agencies and charitable foundations supporting Plan S.

Unless provided in the caption above, the following copyright applies to the content of this slide: Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.

Fig. 1 Schematic subcategorization of AAV in three clinically relevant disease categories defined by clinical ... Fig. 1 Schematic subcategorization of.

Figure 3. Key words and phrases from narrative text by classification category. Unless provided in the caption above, the following copyright applies to.

Fig. 1: World distribution of field sampling locations of Aedes aegypti and Aedes mascarensis screened for Wolbachia ... Fig. 1: World distribution of.

Fig. 1. —GO categories enriched in gene families showing high or low omega (dN/dS) values for Pneumocystis jirovecii. ... Fig. 1. —GO categories enriched.

Figure 2. Model adequacy results for the two empirical data sets, West African Ebola, and 2009 H1N1 influenza. The ... Figure 2. Model adequacy results.

Fig. 2. Genetic differentiation among populations and individuals

Figure 1: Trade shares of South Korea's major trading partners (% of South Korea's total trade in goods) Figure 1: Trade shares of South Korea's major.

Figure 1. Kaplan Meier curves showing crude product limit survival estimates and 95% confidence intervals for time to ... Figure 1. Kaplan Meier curves.

Figure 1. Measuring respondent unhappiness with their child marrying someone from the other party and happiness with ... Figure 1. Measuring respondent.

Figure 1 ABCDE of primary prevention.2

Figure 1. Forest plot of lung cancer mortality in LDCT trials.

Figure 1. Evolutionary process of a policy field.

Table 2. Mean noise level results for hand dryers in dBA

Presentation transcript:

Figure 2. Performance of penalized likelihood for the estimation of the variance covariance matrix and comparison with ... Figure 2. Performance of penalized likelihood for the estimation of the variance covariance matrix and comparison with other approaches. Quadratic loss between the simulated and estimated traits evolutionary variance-covariance matrix R obtained with the various (restricted) penalized likelihood approaches, the (restricted) pairwise composite likelihood approach, and the (restricted) maximum likelihood. Boxplots represent the median, first and 3rd quartile and range of Q loss values obtained over 1000 simulated data sets. Left panels ($p =$ 5) illustrate results with $p $< $n$ ($n =$ 32), and right panels ($p =$ 50) illustrate results with $p$ > $n$. Results with other $p$-values and unrestricted likelihoods are presented in Supplementary Figs. S7–S10 available on Dryad. Unless provided in the caption above, the following copyright applies to the content of this slide: © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press, on behalf of the Society of Systematic Biologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.comThis article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model) Syst Biol, Volume 68, Issue 1, 19 June 2018, Pages 93–116, https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syy045 The content of this slide may be subject to copyright: please see the slide notes for details.

Figure 1. Performance of penalized likelihood for the estimation of model parameters and comparison with other ... Figure 1. Performance of penalized likelihood for the estimation of model parameters and comparison with other approaches. Estimates of the parameters of the OU, EB, and Pagel’s $\lambda $ models obtained with the various (restricted) penalized likelihood approaches, the (restricted) pairwise composite likelihood approach, and the (restricted) maximum likelihood. Boxplots represent the median, first and 3rd quartile and range of estimates obtained over 1000 simulated data sets. The red line represents simulated parameter values. Left panels ($p =$ 5) illustrate results with $p$ < $n$ ($n =$ 32), and right panels ($p =$ 50) illustrate results with $p$ > $n$. Results with other $p$-values and unrestricted likelihoods are presented in Supplementary Figs. S1–S6 available on Dryad. For $p$ > $n$, the approximated LOOCV approaches are not reliable (and thus not shown), and the maximum likelihood approach is not applicable. For each trait model, we report results for only four of the six simulated parameters for presentation purposes. Unless provided in the caption above, the following copyright applies to the content of this slide: © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press, on behalf of the Society of Systematic Biologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.comThis article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model) Syst Biol, Volume 68, Issue 1, 19 June 2018, Pages 93–116, https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syy045 The content of this slide may be subject to copyright: please see the slide notes for details.

Figure 3. Performance of penalized likelihood for model selection and comparison with maximum likelihood. Model ... Figure 3. Performance of penalized likelihood for model selection and comparison with maximum likelihood. Model support, measured as the proportion of simulated data sets (over 1000) for which the generating model has the lowest GIC score, represented as a function of the model parameters and for $p$ ranging from smaller to larger than $n$ ($n =$ 32) ($p =$ 2, 5, 10, 25, 31, 50), with: (a–c) the restricted likelihood with archetypal ridge penalization, and (d–f) the restricted maximum likelihood approach. With penalized likelihood, the ability to recover the generating model increases with increasing dimensions, while with maximum likelihood it decreases as $p$ approaches $n$. Results with the unrestricted likelihood and other types of penalizations are presented in Supplementary Figs. S15–S17 available on Dryad. Note that the OU with $\alpha =$ 0, EB with $r =$ 0 and Pagel’s model with $\lambda =$ 1 are equivalent to BM, such that the % model support for these parameter values represent the false recovery rate. Unless provided in the caption above, the following copyright applies to the content of this slide: © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press, on behalf of the Society of Systematic Biologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.comThis article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model) Syst Biol, Volume 68, Issue 1, 19 June 2018, Pages 93–116, https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syy045 The content of this slide may be subject to copyright: please see the slide notes for details.

Figure 4. New-World monkeys brain evolution Figure 4. New-World monkeys brain evolution. a) Brain endocast (of Pithecia irrorata) showing the position of the ... Figure 4. New-World monkeys brain evolution. a) Brain endocast (of Pithecia irrorata) showing the position of the anatomical landmarks (red), and surface (blue) and curve (green) semi-landmarks that were taken on each species (see Aristide et al. 2016). b) Maximum clade credibility tree showing the phylogenetic relationships for the 48 platyrrhine species considered in this study (see Aristide et al. 2015). Number on nodes indicates the location of reconstructions in d). c) Patterns of evolutionary integration and modularity in brain shape as represented by the first two principal component (PC) axes of the estimated evolutionary covariance matrix. Red colored areas represent regions changing concertedly along each PC axis. d) New world monkey ancestral brain shape reconstruction, and reconstructed evolutionary trajectories for two selected species. Colors depict the amount of change between a given state and the previous one, in terms of expansion (orange) or contraction (cyan) with respect to the center of the surface. Unless provided in the caption above, the following copyright applies to the content of this slide: © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press, on behalf of the Society of Systematic Biologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.comThis article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model) Syst Biol, Volume 68, Issue 1, 19 June 2018, Pages 93–116, https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syy045 The content of this slide may be subject to copyright: please see the slide notes for details.