Marine Planning and Licensing Policy Offshore Wind, Wave and Tidal Energy Breakthrough

Policy EU 20,20,20. Scottish Response: 100% electricity consumption from green energy sources by 2020. Cut CO2 emissions by 42% by 2020. Strategic planning policy to deliver marine renewables: Spatial Planning Efficient Licensing Research Gaps Regional Initiatives

Spatial Planning EU Directive based approach SEA Strategic HRA Socio-economics Public Participation Main outputs to deliver sustainable development Sectoral Marine Plans Regional Locational Guidance

Sectoral Marine Planning Stage 1 Scoping Constraint and opportunity mapping Scoping Report Stage 2 Plan Option Identification Non Statutory Consultation Draft Regional Locational Guidance Initial Plan Framework Stage 3 Sustainability Appraisal SEA, sHRA, Socio-economic Assessment Draft Plan Stage 4 Statutory Consultation Regional and Sectoral Consultation Consultation Analysis Stage 5 Plan Adoption Plan Publication Post Adoption Statement and Appropriate Assessment

Sectoral Marine Planning SEA on Wave and Tidal Energy (2007) Regional Locational Guidance for Pentland Firth and Orkney Waters (2009) The Saltire Prize (2010) Offshore Wind Sectoral Marine Plan (2011) Draft Regional Locational Guidance and Initial Plan Frameworks for: Tidal, Wave and reviewed Offshore Wind (2013) Propose to publish SMPs (2014) Strategic Marine Plan for Grid (2015?)

2011 Marine Scotland Science Scoping Report - Constraint layer clipped by depth used to identify potential floating turbine areas Additional Layers: Wind Resource Electrical Substation Cable & Cable Landings Wave activity Proximity to Harbour Constraint level

First Step… Scoping exercises undertaken in late 2011 – early 2012 OFFSHORE WIND WAVE TIDAL

The Plan for Offshore Wind Energy

Regional Locational Guidance Guidance, not statutory, multi purpose to: build a Sectoral Marine Plan. establish test and demonstration sites. to select site in a plan area. Constraints include fishing grounds, shipping lanes and environmental designations Opportunities include resource areas, grid connections and port facilities

Layers included into each theme Environmental Theme Industrial Theme Experience has led us to collate the layers to be used in the MaRS tool into 3 groups. Similar layers are grouped into one of three themes, environmental, industrial or socio-cultural. These pictures represent some but not all of the layers included into each of the themes. For MaRS we use the most up to date and relevant layers possible. Socio-cultural theme 10

And here - finally Monetary value for the whole interview set Shows the FoF as a highly significant area for small vessel earnings relative to some - important mainly from the point of view of crab and lobster and Nephrops trawl fisheries 12

Licensing Policy Sectoral Marine Plan helps drive project screening and scoping SMP provide regional and national data sources Formed one stop shop to cover Licensing Produced Licensing Manual for offshore wind wave and tidal energy development Licensing Policy Guidance Environmental Site Survey and Monitoring Survey, Deploy and Monitor Guidance (where we are dealing with new technology or unknown impact) Visual Impact Design Envelope Etc. etc.

Socio-economic impact Navigation Traffic Assessments Tourism and Recreation Studies Fishing Sensitivity mapping Spawning and nursery grounds VMS tracks vessels greater than 15m length Scotmap Vessels less than 15m activities plotted by interview (934 successful interviews, 10% decline rate) Spatial coverage, targeted species, gear type, vessel earnings Compared against FIN landings database

Socio-economic mitigation Developer – Enterprise Agency involvement in information and costing stages with supply chain to identify potential for investment Scenario-mapping to examine developer proposals for manufacturing, installation and maintenance activity International Liaison to explain MS approach to planning and licensing to encourage inward investment Developer commitment to ‘local’ content including training and investment

Survey, Deploy and Monitor Offshore wind, wave and tidal new technologies Gaps in knowledge – environmental impacts Guidance: Phase in new technology development using risk based approach Promote test and demonstration approach, including reduced commitment to cumulative and in combination effects Early array deployment based upon: Scale of development, with preference for single device to small array, Environmental sensitivity of location, avoiding designated areas, Evaluation of impact risks, based upon device characteristics. Demonstration EMEC Environmental Monitoring Strategy Sound of Islay 10 tidal turbine array Active Sonar Seal Tagging

Research: Gaps in knowledge Sectoral Planning and Licensing uncover gaps and identifies sensitivities Issues Sea Bird Collision and Exclusion Marine Mammals Collision, Noise and Vibration Diadromous Fish EMF, Collision, Noise and Vibration Licensing/Consenting Issues Species Habitats (SACs and SPAs) Identification Range and characteristics of species (flight heights or swim depths) Interaction with development sites (site surveys, strategic monitoring) Impacts (potential collision, displacements, disorientation) Mitigations

ORJIP Projects Overview Project 1: Avoidance Rate Monitoring at Existing Sites to improve Collision Risk Assessments for Sensitive Bird Species Project 2: Gathering Evidence of Population Level Effects of Noise Disturbance on Marine Mammals Project 3: Trials of Noise Mitigation Equipment Designed to Stop Piling Noise reaching Marine Mammals Project 4: Developing Acoustic Deterrent Devices to keep Marine Mammals away from Piling Operations ORJIP Programme Management Impact Assessment Projects Impact Mitigation Projects Purple project is the bird project recommended by SOSS Blue projects are the marine mammal projects recommended by the Underwater Noise Group ORJIP Project Management will be funded by TCE, MS and DECC, but developers are being asked to contribute to the four research projects. Feedback to date suggests that a further bird displacement project might also be required. 18

Diadromous Fish Regional Focus No predicted impact but knowledge gaps Pentland Firth (Wave and Tidal Resource) Moray Firth (Offshore Wind Resource) No predicted impact but knowledge gaps Some impact hypothesis identified MSS paper to be published Project Manager being appointed Potential projects include: EMF Tank testing Noise and vibration Marine Turbine collision Migratory in river fish counters Satellite and acoustic tagging

Strategic Monitoring Review of current monitoring to be published East Coast Monitoring Report covering proposals for: Aerial HiDef Digital Survey PAM Network Acoustic and Satellite Tagging Moray Firth Dolphin and Seal Regional Data Study Photo ID Intensive C-pod network and databank

East coast passive acoustic monitoring array CPODs and SM2Ms to detect dolphins and porpoises

University of Aberdeen CPOD array in Moray Firth

Current Offshore Wind, Wave and Tidal Energy Development Options