Singapore Population Policies

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
BR and Fertility Why do some area’s of the world have higher fertility rates? BABY O MATIC How many will you have? Why do governments care about fertility?
Advertisements

Singapore Pro-natalist programme LO: to explain why Singapore wanted to encourage population growth and how they did it.
A POPULATION OUT OF CONTROL
6-2 What Factors Influence the Size of the Human Population?
Case Study: Demographic Transitions in Iran Bar Ilan Univ
Factors affecting fertility and mortality What factors can you think of?
Population & Development Revision
Evaluation of family planning program
Population Dynamics and Growth. Exponential Growth Time (t) Population size (N) -ideal habitat -maximum reproduction -unlimited resources Increase often.
Chapter 9 Addressing Population Issues
Alice, Olivia and Will. Definition of ANTI NATALIST : The policy of the government to slow the population growth by attempting to limit the number of.
Do Now: 7 Billion and Counting Movie Clip: Answer the following in your notebooks: 1) What is the demographic transition?
Do Now: 7 Billion and Counting Movie Clip: Answer the following in your notebooks: 1) What is the demographic transition?
BY: ALICE ALMIGHTY AND DANSK-MARIA INDIA. India Background information 1.15 billion Birth rate: 24 per 1000 Population growth 1.578% Despite their effort,
Chapter 9 Addressing Population Issues
Human Population: Growth & Distribution
NIGERIA By Madina Semega-Janneh. Facts Nigeria has one of the fastest growing populations in the world! Population was 32.9 million people 2008.
Chapter 11 Human Population: Growth, Demography, & Carrying Capacity tutorial by Paul Rich © Brooks/Cole Publishing Company / ITP.
Chapter 9 Addressing Population Issues
Anti-Natalist CHINA. World Population Trends October 12th 1999 World Population reaches 6 Billion 2050 Estimated Projections: Billion.
3.1.4 Demographic Transition. Demographic Transition Growth rate (percent)
Nigeria Thomas Stephens and Magnus Lyche. Which best defines nigeria? Pro-natalistOranti-natalist.
Human Population Growth om/watch?v=4BbkQi QyaYc&feature=playe r_detailpage.
India – Population Issues.  71% of people have no sanitation facilities  57% have no access to safe water  57 million children under 5 are malnourished.
India By.Seunghee. India  Total population 1.15billion  Fertility rate 2.7 (2008 est.)  Population growth 1.578% (2008 Est.)
One Child Policy in China].
Applying Population Ecology: The Human Population and Its Impact.
Population Campaigns APHG.
The Human Population and Its IMPACT 7,000,000,000 and counting... How big is 7 billion?
WG 3.2 EQ: Analyze population issues and policies, including pro-natal and anti- natal policies of different countries and their effects on population.
Chapter 9 Applying Population Ecology: The Human Population and Its Impact.
Family Planning In Jordan
A Case study in Pronatalist and Antinatalist Policies.
Key terms: Economically active: The total population between the ages of 15 and 65 in any country Youthful population: A population with a high proportion.
The Human Population and Its Impact Chapter 6. Core Case Study: Are There Too Many of Us? (1)  Estimated 2.4 billion more people by 2050  Are there.
Applying Population Ecology: Human Population Ch. 9.
The Human Population and Its Impact Chapter What Factors Influence the Size of the Human Population?  Concept 6-2A Population size increases because.
Learning Objectives To understand why population control is important. To be able to explain the positives and negatives of China’s anti-natalist ‘One.
BELL WORK 5/10 Why does China have such a bad problem with pollution?
Human Population Growth Miller Chapter Factors affecting population size Populations grow or decline through the interplay of three factors Births.
CHINA One Child Policy Because of it’s rapidly growing population, China adopted a policy of one child per family in The country also outlawed early.
Chapter 7 The Human Population.
Anti-natalist Policies
Government population policies
Singapore has a slogan: Have Three or More (if you can afford it), announcing that the government now promoted a larger family size of three or more.
Human Population Growth
Chapter 9 Addressing Population Issues
Ch 7 Human Populations.
China’s One Child Policy
Population geography POPULATION GROWTH AND POLICY OPTIONS IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD.
INDIA'S POPULATION POLICIES.
STABILIZING WORLD POPULATION
Pronatalism: Is a belief that promotes human reproduction
Applying Population Ecology: Human Population
The Human Population and its Impact
Singapore – 2 or more!.
The Human Population and Its Impact
The Human Population and Its Impact
How does population affect wellbeing and how do we measure population?
China’s One Child Policy
Dr Paul T Francis, MD Prof. Com Med College of Medicine, Zawia
Ageing and youthful populations
Population Explosion and Control
WHAT IS THE LINK BETWEEN THESE IMAGES
Chapter 9 Addressing Population Issues
Good morning! Think of any questions you have regarding the population labs Don’t wait until Thursday night to ask me questions 
Chapter 12: Human Population
Key ? 2: Why Do Populations Rise or Fall in Particular Places?
Population Explosion and Control
Population and Migration Patterns and processes
Presentation transcript:

Singapore Population Policies A pro-natalist population policy Population Policies AS/IB Higher Geography

Government of Singapore 1991 “People are, and always will be, our most precious resource. More than anything else, it is the effort of Singaporeans, with their drive and talent, that has made the country what it is today. Overcoming great odds as a newly independent nation without natural resources, we have turned our city into a thriving and modern economy…, In the next lap, the size of our population and the quality of our people will determine how successfully we fare. (But) the population is not growing fast enough to replace itself in the long term; many Singaporeans remain unmarried; and those who do marry tend to have fewer children… Too small a population will hinder development.” Government of Singapore 1991 AS/IB Higher Geography

The population is currently growing: Birth Rate 15.7 Death Rate 5 Singapore has a population density of 6450 people per square kilometre – one of the highest in the world. The population is currently growing: Birth Rate 15.7 Death Rate 5 However, Singapore’s population is ageing; it will peak in 2025 and then start to decline. Singapore became an independent nation in the 1960s. At the time Singapore’s population was rapidly increasing so a policy of stop at two was introduced. The policy was so successful that the ‘New Population Policy’ was launched. AS/IB Higher Geography

New Population Policy Launched in 1987 Aim to increase Singapore’s fertility rate to 2.1, in 1986 it was 1.5. In the first year of the policy the fertility rate rose to 2.0. The government is targeting intellectually talented people. Married Couples 2 Children University Graduate 4 Children Discouraging the emigration of Graduates. Encouraging the immigration of the educated from other parts of Asia. AS/IB Higher Geography

An informal anti-natalist population policy. The United States An informal anti-natalist population policy. AS/IB Higher Geography

The US does not have any formal population legislation – except for immigration legislation. The U.S. government has legislated people’s right to choose their own family planning. The U.S. government has enacted laws to provide funding or refunds for family planning services. In most U.S. states, a woman must have had a child or be pregnant, be single, and have an income less than 50% of the poverty level to be eligible for refunds for family planning. AS/IB Higher Geography

National Family Planning Programme Established in 1970. The programme provides support to 76% of all family planning agencies in the U.S. Each year four million Americans use government funded family planning programmes to obtain abortions or sterilisations. Family planning agencies must provide services for adolescents. AS/IB Higher Geography

An anti-natalist population policy. Nigeria An anti-natalist population policy. AS/IB Higher Geography

Why the policy is needed: Nigeria has one of the fastest growing population policies in the world. In 1998 birth rates were 42.3 and death rates were 13.9 Nigeria’s fertility rate is currently estimated to be 5.9 There is a very low level of contraceptive use. Only 6% of married women use contraception; with fewer than half of all women knowing of any method. The average ideal family size is 6 children. Another factor leading to the high fertility rate is the tradition for early marriage and childbearing. AS/IB Higher Geography

Objectives of the Policy First introduced in 1988 Promoting the awareness of population problems and the effects of rapid population growth. Providing information on the benefits of small families. Making family planning services easily accessible to all couples. AS/IB Higher Geography

Specific Targets of the Policy Reducing the proportion of women who marry before 18. Reducing the number of children a women has from an average of six to four. Reducing the rate of population growth from 3% to 2%. Extending family planning coverage to 80% of population. Reduce the infant mortality rate to 30 per 1000 live births. AS/IB Higher Geography

Implementation of the Policy Through a campaign organised by the government. Educate people about the importance of small families. This policy has tried to promote the use of family planning methods – this is difficult in a primarily Muslim country. Contraception has been promoted through day care centres established for employed women to leave their children. Minimum age of marriage has been raised to 18 years. AS/IB Higher Geography

Success? So far the policy has not achieved the ambitious targets set. Some gains have been made despite the religious difficulties. The policy can only be successful if it is effectively communicated to the rural population and works with peoples cultural needs. AS/IB Higher Geography

The first government anti-natalist policy India The first government anti-natalist policy AS/IB Higher Geography

Background Launched in 1952, with incentives such as transistor radios to men who volunteered to have vasectomies. This campaign was only partially successful as the men became disillusioned as the realised the batteries in the radio ran out but sterilisation was permanent. Campaign strengthened in 1970s when many men where sterilised against their wishes. Like in China boy babies are traditionally favoured over girls. Families with daughters continue to try and have a son. AS/IB Higher Geography

The Policy Today The policy today aims to reduce the rate by the use of contraception. Controlling population growth is seen as the sixth most important objective of national government policy. The government established the specific target of reducing the birth rate from 29.9 to 26 per 1000. The government also set specific targets for the numbers and users of specific types of contraception. AS/IB Higher Geography

Incentives Cash incentives for those who are willing to be sterilised. Commissions for health workers. New schools, drinking water and roads for areas that meet their targets. Proposal to only allow people with two or less children to run for public office. AS/IB Higher Geography

Infrastructure Results Large-scale family planning services. Mass public information campaigns. Motivators that talk with couples and maintain a register of their reproductive activities. Results Despite the governments effort there have been limited success. India’s birth rate: 1975 38.2 per 1000 1995 29.1 per 1000 2000 25.2 per 1000 Significant regional differences: Utah Pradesh 40 per 1000 Kerala 18 per 1000 AS/IB Higher Geography