Ch.1: Matter and Change 1.1 Chemistry

Sciences used to be divided into strict categories physical (nonliving) biological (living) Chemistry has parts that fall under both categories many sciences are so interrelated that you can’t categorize them in those ways anymore.

Chemistry study of matter and the changes it undergoes chemists use instruments to improve their ability to observe and make measurements

Chemistry chemists work with chemicals (any substance with definite composition) all matter has chemical basis whether it is living or nonliving

Branches of Chemistry organic- study of compounds containing carbon inorganic- study of compounds that aren’t organic physical- study of changes of matter and their energy

Branches of Chemistry analytical- study of composition of materials biochemistry- study of substances and processes in living things theoretical- use of math and computers to understand chemical behaviors and design new compounds

Types of Research Basic Research- done to increase knowledge Applied Research- done to solve a problem Technological Development- done to improve quality of life technology – application of knowledge (usually scientific) for practical purposes

1.2 Matter and Its Properties Ch. 1: Matter and Change 1.2 Matter and Its Properties

Terms Matter- anything that has mass and volume Atom- smallest unit of an element that keeps the properties of element Element- pure substance made of only one type of atom Compound- substance made of 2 or more types of atoms that are chemically bonded Molecule- type of compound in which bonds are covalent bonds

Properties of Matter chemists use characteristic properties to tell substances apart and to separate them some properties define a group of substances

Types of Properties Extensive- depend on the amount of matter Ex: volume, mass, amount of energy Intensive- do not depend on the amount Ex: density, boiling point, ability to conduct

Types of Properties Physical- characteristics that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of a substance Chemical- relates to a substances ability to undergo changes that transform it into a different substance Easiest to see when a chemical is reacting