Chapter 19: Acids And Bases

Class question Where can acids be found? Where can bases be found? Sodas Stomach Vinegar Citrus fruits Where can bases be found? Soap Drano Antacid tablets Windex detergent

Properties of Acids Taste sour React with bases Litmus paper test – turn blue litmus paper red Electrolytic – conduct electricity

Properties of Bases Taste bitter Feels slippery React with acids Synonym Alert! Alkali or Alkaline = Base Taste bitter Feels slippery React with acids Litmus paper test – turn red litmus paper blue Electrolytic - conduct electricity

Self Ionization-dissociation of Water simplified version H2O  H+ + OH-

“Dissociation” of water

Arrhenius Model of Acids and Bases Arrhenius Acids Definition: contains H+ and ionizes to form H+ Examples HCl  HNO3  makes solution ACIDIC H+ + Cl- H+ + NO3-

Arrhenius Model of Acids and Bases Arrhenius Bases Definition: contain OH- and ionizes to produce OH- ions Examples NaOH  Ca(OH)2  makes solution BASIC Na+ + OH- Ca2+ + 2 OH-

Bronsted-Lowry Model Bronsted-Lowry Acid Bronsted-Lowry Base Definition: proton/H+ donor can give H+ to another species Bronsted-Lowry Base Definition: proton/H+ acceptor can take H+ from another species

Bronsted-Lowry Model REMEMBER!!!! REMEMBER!!!! acids donate, bases accept protons Ashley does boys always

Bronsted-Lowry Model Examples HCl + H2O  Cl- + H3O+ What is happening here? Acid (donates proton) Base (accepts proton) Which is the acid? base?

Bronsted-Lowry Model Examples NH3 + H2O  NH4+ + OH- What is happening here? Base (accepts proton) Acid (donates proton) Which is the acid? base?