by Hansjoerg J. Seybold, Edwin Kite, and James W. Kirchner

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Fig. 4 3D reconfiguration of liquid metals for electronics.

Advertisements

Fig. 2 2D-IR spectroscopy on liquid ZnPa under dry conditions.

Fig. 2 Global production, use, and fate of polymer resins, synthetic fibers, and additives (1950 to 2015; in million metric tons). Global production, use,

Fig. 3 Oil, gas, and FP water variations with time.

Fig. 1 Map of water stress and shale plays.

Fig. 1 NP-free Ch-CNC droplets.

Fig. 3 Electron PSD in various regions.

Fig. 4 Morphogenesis in the Ch-CNC host droplets and NP assemblies.

Fig. 2 Some examples of weekly forecasts (the number of the forecasts are reported on Table 1). Some examples of weekly forecasts (the number of the forecasts.

Fig. 4 Resynthesized complex boronic acid derivatives based on different scaffolds on a millimole scale and corresponding yields. Resynthesized complex.

Fig. 6 Comparison of properties of water models.

Fig. 3 Scan rate effects on the layer edge current.

Fig. 1 Product lifetime distributions for the eight industrial use sectors plotted as log-normal probability distribution functions (PDF). Product lifetime.

Fig. 1 Cryo-EM structure of yeast Elp123 showing its active site.

Fig. 1 Phase diagram and FS topologies.

Fig. 1 Distribution of total and fake news shares.

Fig. 3 Forward model. Forward model. Summary of the resampled Monte Carlo simulations shown as histograms for epoch 1 (red), epoch 2 (green), and epoch.

by Andreas Keiling, Scott Thaller, John Wygant, and John Dombeck

Fig. 3 Photon number statistics resulting from Fock state |l, S − l〉 interference. Photon number statistics resulting from Fock state |l, S − l〉 interference.

Fig. 2 2D QWs of different propagation lengths.

Fig. 1 Time series and megadrought state changes.

Fig. 2 EUV TG signal. EUV TG signal. Black lines in (A), (B), and (C) are the EUV TG signals from Si3N4 membranes at LTG = 110, 85, and 28 nm, respectively,

Fig. 1 Sectional distributions of pigment concentrations measured along the Mediterranean Sea and in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean. Sectional distributions.

Fig. 3 ET dynamics on the control and treatment watersheds during the pretreatment and treatment periods. ET dynamics on the control and treatment watersheds.

Fig. 4 Horizontal structures of the four types of MJO.

Fig. 1 Histograms of the number of first messages received by men and women in each of our four cities. Histograms of the number of first messages received.

Fig. 4 OER performance of ACoO3 (A = Ca, Sr) in alkaline solutions with different pH. OER performance of ACoO3 (A = Ca, Sr) in alkaline solutions with.

Fig. 1 Average contribution (million metric tons) of seafood-producing sectors, 2009–2014. Average contribution (million metric tons) of seafood-producing.

Fig. 4 Evolution of fraction of sickled RBCs under hypoxia.

Fig. 2 Results of the learning and testing phases.

Fig. 3 Production of protein and Fe(II) at the end of growth correlated with increasing concentrations of ferrihydrite in the media that contained 0.2.

Fig. 4 SPICE simulation of stochasticity.

Fig. 6 Global sensitivity analysis illustrates the key model parameters that determine the sickling of RBCs. Global sensitivity analysis illustrates the.

Fig. 2 NH3, NOx, SO2, and NMVOC emission changes triggered by the JJJ clean air policy. NH3, NOx, SO2, and NMVOC emission changes triggered by the JJJ.

Fig. 1 Empirical probability density functions of the estimated climatic drivers. Empirical probability density functions of the estimated climatic drivers.

Fig. 2 Sampling. Sampling. (A) Extant stratigraphic section. Zenithal (B) and frontal (C) views of the flowstone capping the excavated deposit. The rectangle.

Fig. 4 Relationships between light and economic parameters.

Fig. 5 Comparison of the liquid products generated from photocatalytic CO2 reduction reactions (CO2RR) and CO reduction reactions (CORR) on two catalysts.

Relationships between species richness and temperature or latitude

Fig. 1 Observed postseismic DRs after the Tohoku earthquake through the repeated GPS-A observations. Observed postseismic DRs after the Tohoku earthquake.

Fig. 2 Behavioral modulation of brain change.

Fig. 1 Location of the Jirzankal Cemetery.

Fig. 4 CO2 emission changes triggered by the JJJ clean air policy.

Fig. 3 Information storage substates.

Multiplexed four- and eight-channel devices for rapid processing

Fig. 2 Comparison of the observed DRs and the estimates by the VR model and FL. Comparison of the observed DRs and the estimates by the VR model and FL.

Fig. 4 The relationship between the total mean absolute momentum disturbance 〈∣p∣〉zB (in units of ℏ/D) and fringe visibility V. The relationship between.

Fig. 3 Comparisons of NDVI trends over the globally vegetated areas from 1982 to Comparisons of NDVI trends over the globally vegetated areas from.

Fig. 2 Particles detected in snow samples collected at different locations from Europe to the Arctic. Particles detected in snow samples collected at different.

Fig. 1 Global distribution of data.

Fig. 4 Mapping of abundance of the most dominant bacterial and archaeal phyla across France. Mapping of abundance of the most dominant bacterial and archaeal.

Fig. 4 Spatial mapping of the distribution and intensity of industrial fishing catch. Spatial mapping of the distribution and intensity of industrial fishing.

Fig. 4 Single-particle contact angle measurements.

Fig. 2 Proton spectrum from 40 GeV to 100 TeV measured with DAMPE (red filled circles). Proton spectrum from 40 GeV to 100 TeV measured with DAMPE (red.

Fig. 6 MD simulations of assembled binary supraballs.

Fig. 5 Density plots showing the relationship between growth responses to extreme events and site-level mean precipitation from all sites (N = 1314). Density.

Fig. 3 Supraballs and films assembled from binary 219/217nm SPs/SMPs.

Fig. 3 Performance of the generative model G, with and without stack-augmented memory. Performance of the generative model G, with and without stack-augmented.

Fig. 3 High-tide flood extent at water levels of 1. 73, 2. 03, 2

Fig. 4 Behavior of resistance peak near density nm = 5.

Fig. 2 Comparison between the different reflective metasurface proposals when θi = 0° and θr = 70°. Comparison between the different reflective metasurface.

The combined signal spectra of PSD for protons and helium nuclei

Fig. 2 Spatial distribution of five city groups.

Fig. 3 Optimization of the antidot GNR structure.

Fig. 4 Effects of individual picosecond and microsecond pulses.

Fig. 5 Changes in the seasonal amplitude of streamflow and ET.

Fig. 2 Analysis of 1PCTCO2 experiments (JJA seasonal means).

Fig. 1 Completely derived from natural wood, nanowood with hierarchically aligned cellulose nanofibrils can be used as an anisotropic super thermal insulator.

Fig. 3 Spatial distribution of the shoot density (high densities are represented in dark green and low ones in bright yellow) in a simulation of a P. oceanica.

Fig. 5 Modeling of the ASE threshold using the kinetic equations and experimental parameter inputs. Modeling of the ASE threshold using the kinetic equations.

Presentation transcript:

by Hansjoerg J. Seybold, Edwin Kite, and James W. Kirchner Branching geometry of valley networks on Mars and Earth and its implications for early Martian climate by Hansjoerg J. Seybold, Edwin Kite, and James W. Kirchner Science Volume 4(6):eaar6692 June 27, 2018 Copyright © 2018 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).

Fig. 1 Global distribution of mean branching angle and aridity index. Global distribution of mean branching angle and aridity index. Global distribution of mean river network branching angles (A) and aridity index (AI) (B) averaged over the level 4 basins defined by the Hydrological data and maps based on SHuttle Elevation Derivatives at multiple Scales (HydroSHEDS) data set. Narrow branching angles are more likely to occur in arid regions (low AI, yellow), while in humid regions, branching angles are usually wider (high AI, blue). Latitudes north of 50°N where no stream data are available are marked in cream. (C and D) Examples of stream networks from arid (C) and humid landscapes (D). The arid network is located in eastern Algeria, and the humid network lies in the Amazon rainforest at the border between French Guiana and Suriname. Mean branching angles for binned ranges of AI are shown in (E), together with the corresponding branching angle histograms for the arid (yellow) and humid (blue) tails, respectively. The points with log10(AI) < −1.5 are shaded because they constitute only a small fraction (<5%) of the whole data set spread over a wide range of aridity values; their inclusion or exclusion has no visually detectable effect on the global branching angle distribution. Hansjoerg J. Seybold et al. Sci Adv 2018;4:eaar6692 Copyright © 2018 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).

Fig. 2 Comparison of mean valley branching angles on Mars and arid landscapes on Earth. Comparison of mean valley branching angles on Mars and arid landscapes on Earth. (A) Outlet locations of the valley networks mapped by Hynek et al. (29) (orange) and Luo and Stepinski (30) (rose color). Background shading indicates elevation. The corresponding branching angle distributions are shown in (B). The violet solid line represents the branching angle distribution in the Lower Green River, a basin in the arid southwestern United States. The modes of the three data sets are 36° for the Hynek and Hoke networks, 45° for the Luo and Stepinski networks, and 41° for the Upper Colorado-Dirty Devil basin (HUC 1407). These values are considerably smaller than the theoretical angle of 2π/5 = 72° (45) expected for groundwater-driven network growth (black dashed line). Two sample valley networks on Mars are shown in (C) and (D). Scale bar corresponds to both sites. (E) Map of the Upper Colorado-Dirty Devil basin (HUC 1407), where the MDRS (red circle) is located. Hansjoerg J. Seybold et al. Sci Adv 2018;4:eaar6692 Copyright © 2018 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).

Fig. 3 River network branching angles in the State of Alaska. River network branching angles in the State of Alaska. River network branching angles in the State of Alaska, separated into regions with continuous permafrost (violet; A), discontinuous permafrost (magenta; B), and absent or only sporadic permafrost (green; C). In all three cases, the bifurcation angle histograms peak at roughly 72° (dashed lines), similar to the branching angles observed in other humid landscapes. The black solid lines in (A) to (C) show the kernel-smoothing density estimates of the branching angle distributions. Hansjoerg J. Seybold et al. Sci Adv 2018;4:eaar6692 Copyright © 2018 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).