Four Levels of Protein Structure

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Presentation transcript:

Four Levels of Protein Structure

Four Levels of Protein Structure Primary Structure: Linear Sequence of Amino Acids Each amino acid has central carbon liked to ---hydrogen (H) ---amino group (NH2) ---acid group (COOH) ---unique group (R) O H H2N C C R OH

The carboxyl group of one amino acid is linked to the amino group of the next amino acid.

Four Levels of Protein Structure Primary Structure: Amino Acids are linked with a covalent bond called a peptide bond. O H H H O H2N C C N C C OH R1 R2

Four Levels of Protein Structure Secondary Structure: Folded structure due to hydrogen bonds between the amino and acid groups of amino acids N C N C H H O O or O H O H C N C N

Four Levels of Protein Structure Tertiary Structure: Three dimensional folded structure due to attractions and repulsions between R groups All but peptide bonds are involved in tertiary structure.

Four Levels of Protein Structure Quaternary structure: Association of two or more protein chains eg. Hemoglobin is composed of 4 protein chains 2 are called alpha hemoglobin 2 are called beta hemoglobin