Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars By Miss Zhang

Warming up 1 Nearly everybody has this or that puzzles: How do human beings come into being? How does the earth come into being? 2. In China, there are two legends（传说） about these puzzles. Do you know the names? 3.In the western culture, who creates everything in the world?

Nvwa made humans.

Pangu separates the sky from the earth.

3.In the western culture, who creates everything in the world? The God

What abot scientific theory?

How life began on the earth Reading

Learning aims (学习目标) 1. To learn the formation of the earth and the development of life on it. (了解地球的形成及地球生命进化的过程). 2. To develop some reading skills —— fast reading & careful reading（掌握快速阅读、详细阅读的阅读技巧）.

Learning guidance1 （学法指导1）Fast reading Read the passage fast, pay attention to the topic sentence of each paragraph, and finish task 1 independently, quietly and quickly.(快速阅读文章，关注每段主题句，并独立、安静、快速地完成任务1。)

Group help （小组互教） Group members teach each other and solve the difficult problem together(小组成员互教并共同解决难题).

Fast reading Task 1: Divide the whole passage into 2 parts, & match the main idea with each part.(把全文分成2部分，并与其主旨大意相连接) The development of the life Part 1(Para._____) 1-3 The development of the earth Part 2(Para._____) 4-5

Task 2: Get the main idea of the passage According to the order of _________ , the passage mainly talks about a theory of the ________ and introduces briefly the formation(形成) of __________ as well as the development of _________ on it. time Big Bang the earth life Tips：说明文是以说明方式介绍事物的特征、构造、变化或结果的文章。它一般按时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑顺序展开。

Learning guidance2（学法指导2）Careful reading Read the passage carefully to get more detailed information，and finish tasks 3-4 independently, quietly and quickly. (仔细阅读文章获取更多细节信息，独立、安静、快速地完成任务2-3).

Group help （小组互教） Group members teach each other and solve the difficult problems together(小组成员互教并共同解决难题).

the formation of the earth Careful Reading: Task 3. Read Paragraph 1-3 and put these sentences into the right order. A. The earth’s atmosphere was formed. B. After Big Bang , atoms began to form and combine to create stars and other bodies. C. The earth was so violent that it exploded and produced kinds of gases. D. Water appeared. E. The earth cooled down. F. For several billion years after the Big Bang，the earth was a cloud of dust. G. Slowly combine into a solid globe. H . Water was to be fundamental to the development of life Answers:51476238

create stars and other bodies 1 B. After Big Bang , atoms began to form and combine to create stars and other bodies. create stars and other bodies 2 F. For several billion years after the Big Bang，the earth was a cloud of dust . a cloud of dust

3.G. Slowly combine into a solid globe.

exploded with fire and rock 4.C. The earth was so violent that it exploded and produced kinds of gases. produced water vapour and gases exploded with fire and rock

the earth’s atmosphere 5.A. The earth’s atmosphere was formed. the earth’s atmosphere 6.E. The earth cooled down. cool down

Water appear Answers:51476238 7.D. Water appeared. 8.H . Water was to be fundamental to the development of life Answers:51476238

Careful Reading: Task 4 Read Paragraph 4-5 and fill the chart. How did life begin on the earth? Time Plants Animals Many millions of years later _____________ in water produced oxygen. Early ___________ and all sorts of fish appeared. Next ___________on land Insects on land and ___________ on land or in water appeared Small plants shellfish Green plants amphibians

Careful Reading: Task 4 Read Paragraph 4-5 and fill the chart. How did life begin on the earth? Time Plants Animals Later Green plants grew into __________ 1.________ appeared and they laid eggs. 2. ___________ developed, laid eggs and existed for more than 140 million years. 3. __________ rose and gave birth to babies. About 2.6 million years ago Green plants grew into forests ______________ appeared and spread all over the earth,but they produce too much carbon _______, making the earth too hot. Reptiles forests Dinosaurs Mammals Human beings dioxide

Let’s cut down carbon dioxide to save the earth! We have only one earth!!!

Summary How life began on the earth? “Big Bang” stars atoms 1.other bodies Earth: a cloud of 2._____ dust

a solid globe carbon other 3. _____ gases water vapour nitrogen the earth’s 4. _____________ atmosphere 5._________ was fundamental to the development of life Water

How life began on the earth? 6.. _______and all sorts of fish shellfish small plants in water insects 7_____________ green plants on land amphibian reptiles dinosaurs 8______________ humans forests mammals

阅读文章，从每题所给的A,B,C,D项中，选出最佳选项。 Test in class （当堂检测） 阅读文章，从每题所给的A,B,C,D项中，选出最佳选项。

1.Why was life able to develop on the earth but not on other planets? A The earth had a solid shape. B. The earth did not have harmful gases in its atmosphere. C The water stayed on the earth but not on other planets. D.The earth was not too hot and not too cold.

2.Which the following statements is NOT TRUE? A. After the earth exploded, carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases made up the earth’s water. B. Water was to be fundamental to the development of life . C. The continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas. D. As the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface.

3.What is the main idea of paragraph 4？ A.The importance of water for life. B.The arrival of humans and their impact on the earth. C.The development of plants and animals on the earth. D.A widely accepted theory about the formation of the universe.

4.What problem is caused by human being? A. They exist everywhere on the earth. B. They cause global warming. C. They find new methods of growing crops. D.They enjoy hunting and fishing.

5.What can we infer from the last sentence in paragraph 5 ? A. Scientists think it is important for human beings to make the earth become hot . B. The earth will disappear if the problems can be settled. C. If human beings protect the earth well ，life on the earth can continue to exist in the future. D.The writer is satisfied with the situation of the earth .

Assignment （作业） 1. Finish Exercises 1-2 after class. 2. Preview the language points on P43-48 in 《全优课堂》.

Thanks for your listening!

astronomer astronomy religious religion globe global violent violently Task 1 Words astronomer astronomy 1. ____________n. 天文学 ________________n. 天文学家 2._____________ n. 宗教 ________________ adj. 宗教的 3._____________ n. 球体，地球 _____________ adj. 全球性的，全世界的 4. _____________ adj. 猛烈的，激烈的______________ adv.猛烈地_____________n.激烈 5._____________ v.&n. 伤害 ______________ adj. 有害的 6.______________prep．不同，不像______________prep．像 v.喜欢_____________v.不喜欢 7.______________n．出席，到场，存在_____________v.出现，赠送 adj.到场的 n.礼物 religious religion globe global violent violently violence harm harmful unlike dislike like presence present

exist existence puzzle puzzling puzzled gentle gentleness gently 8.______________v. 存在，生存 ______________ n.存在，生存 9._____________ n.谜，难题 v.使迷惑，使为难 _________ adj.感到困惑的 ___________adj.让人困惑的 10._____________adj.温和的，文雅的 _______adv. 温和地，温柔地__________n.温柔 11._____________v.用尽，耗尽，使精疲力尽 ___________adj.感到精疲力尽的 _________adj.令人精疲力尽的 existence puzzle puzzling puzzled gentle gentleness gently exhaust exhausted exhausting

2．根据课文内容用适当的词填空，使短文完整。 At the very beginning, the earth was just a cloud of ①__________ (energy) dust. Then the dust combined into a ball moving around the sun. After that, it exploded loudly with fire and rock, ②__________ (produce) water vapour, carbon, nitrogen and other gases, ③______ in the end made the earth's atmosphere. Then the earth cooled down, and water, one of the earth's special qualities, appeared and stayed on the earth, which made energetic producing which

④___ possible for life to begin ⑤__________ (develop) ④___ possible for life to begin ⑤__________ (develop). Some small plants growing in the water appeared on the earth's surface, ⑥_________ (follow) by land animals, ⑦______________ insects, amphibians, reptiles and the most important animals called dinosaurs. Finally dinosaurs disappeared ⑧____ of a sudden and some small clever animals with hands and feet appeared and spread all ⑨______ the earth. In place of dinosaurs they became ⑩______ most important animals on the planet — that is, human beings. it to develop followed including/like all over the