Characteristics of living things made of one or more cells It’s ALIVE!!!!!!!! Why? Characteristics of living things made of one or more cells obtain and use energy grow and develop reproduce respond to their environment adapt to their environment Just for Over 1.5 MILLION animal species exist Humans make up 0.00000000000000000000013% of all living things!!!!

Classified Information Classification of Living Things ARISTOTLE - *4th century B.C. (384 to322 B.C.) *Greek philosopher *divided organisms into 2 groups - plants and animals *divided animals into blood and bloodless *also divided animals into 3 groups according to how they move -walking, flying, or swimming *his system was used into the 1600s CAROLUS LINNAEUS - *18th century *Swedish scientist *divided living things into one of two "kingdoms" - plant and animal kingdoms *his classification system is still used today; however, we use a 6 kingdom system (instead of 2 kingdom system.)

Each level contains organisms with similar characteristics 7 Different Levels kingdom phylum class order family genus species Each level contains organisms with similar characteristics kingdom is the largest group and very broad Each successive group contains fewer, more similar organisms species is the smallest group and is very narrow - organisms within a species are able to reproduce

KINGDOM: Animalia. PHYLUM: Chordata. CLASS: Mammalia. ORDER: Primata KINGDOM:  Animalia PHYLUM:  Chordata CLASS:  Mammalia ORDER:  Primata FAMILY:  Hominidae GENUS:  Homo SPECIES: sapiens KINGDOM:  Plantae PHYLUM:  Tracheophyta CLASS:  Angiospermae ORDER:  Dicotylodonae FAMILY:  Brassicaceae GENUS:  Brassica SPECIES:  oleracea

Kingdom Animal Phylum Chordate Class Mammal Order Primate Carnivore Family Hominidae Felidae Genus Homo Panthera Felis Species Sapiens Leo Domesticus

BACTERIA - Archaebacteria and Eubacteria 6 Kingdoms BACTERIA - Archaebacteria and Eubacteria *1 cell *no true nucleus *some move; others don't *some make own food (autotrophic); others can't make own food (heterotrophic) *examples - bacteria; blue-green bacteria (cyanobacteria)

*some move (cilia, flagella, pseudopod); others don't PROTISTA *1 cell *have a true nucleus *some move (cilia, flagella, pseudopod); others don't *some are autotrophic; others are heterotrophic *examples - amoeba, diatom, euglena, paramecium, some algae (unicellular), etc.

FUNGI *multicellular *have nuclei *mainly do not move from place to place *heterotrophic (food is digested outside of fungus) *examples - mushroom, mold, puffball, yeast, etc.

*examples - multicellular algae, mosses, ferns, PLANTAE *multicellular *have nuclei *do not move *autotrophic *examples - multicellular algae, mosses, ferns, flowering plants (dandelions, roses, etc.), trees, etc.

*examples - sponge, jellyfish, insect, fish, frog, bird ANIMALIA *multicellular *have nuclei *do move *heterotrophic *examples - sponge, jellyfish, insect, fish, frog, bird

Phylum for Kingdom Animalia Porifera Cnidaria Ctenophora (sponges) (jellyfish) (sea walnut) http://encarta.msn.com/encnet http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/cnidaria/ctenophora.html

Platyhelminthes Nematoda Bryozoa (tape worms) (round worms) (moss animals)           http://www.biosci.ohio-state.edu/%7Eparasite/dioctophyme.html http://www.bio.umass.edu/biology/conn.river/bryozoa.html

Mollusca Annelida Arthropoda (octopus) (earth worms) (insects) http://eebweb.arizona.edu/Marine/biology/annelida.htm http://www.nrcc.utmb.edu/ http://www.howe.k12.ok.us/~jimaskew/zophyla3.htm

Echinodermata Chordata (sea urchins) (us) http://www.borism.net/marine/marine7.html

Classes of Phylum Chordata Cephalaspidomorphi circular mouth has sucking disc, no jaw, no paired fins, one nostril. Myxini circular mouth has barbles, no jaw, no paired fins, one nostril, no eyes Chondrichthyes skeleton made of cartilage, jaws, paired fins, paired nostrils, scales, two- chambered heart

Osteichthyes skeleton made of bone, jaws, fins, most with scales, two-chambered heart Amphibia begin life in the water, gills replaced by lungs in the adult form, lay eggs, three- chambered heart Reptilia thick, scaly or platelike skin; ectothermic (cold-blooded); embryo develops in the shell (young born live or hatch from egg); four-chambered heart

Aves outer covering of feathers, endothermic (warm- blooded), have front limbs modified as wings, lay eggs, four-chambered heart Mammalia breathe air, have hair at some stage of development, give live birth, mammary glands, endothermic (warm-blooded), four-chambered heart

What’s in a name? binomial ("two names") nomenclature("system of naming") Genus species Genus is always capitalized species is never capitalized must be either underlined or in italics

Classes of the Phylum Chordata Presentation - powerpoint For each class must include: characteristics 2 Representative Pictures labeled with Common name Scientific name

Classes 8 Pictures 40 Scientific name 20 characteristics Presentation 12