Advanced UNIX programming

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Advanced UNIX programming Fall 2002 Instructor: Ashok Srinivasan Lecture 23 Acknowledgements: The syllabus and power point presentations are modified versions of those by T. Baker and X. Yuan

Announcements Reading assignment Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Sections 7.1 – 7.6 and 7.9 – 7.11 Chapter 8 Midterm next Monday

Week 9 Topics Socket options Introduction to UDP getsockopt, setsockopt fcntl ioctl Introduction to UDP TCP vs UDP UDP interface

Socket options getsockopt, setsockopt fcntl ioctl General socket options IP options TCP options fcntl ioctl

getsockopt, setsockopt #include <sys/socket.h> int getsockopt (int sockfd, int level, int optname, void *optval, socklen_t *optlen); int setsockopt(int sockfd, int level, int optname, const void *optval, socklen_t optlen); The level includes general socket options (SOL_SOCKET) and protocol-specific options (for IP, TCP, etc). Option value can be of different types: pointers to int, in_addr, timeval, etc

General socket options level = SOL_SOCKET, optnames = SO_BROADCAST Permit sending broadcast datagram SO_KEEPALIVE For TCP only, automatically send a keepalive message when inactive for 2 hours (can be modified) SO_LINGER for TCP only, determines behavior on close SO_RCVBUF, SO_SNDBUF Send and receive buffer size

General socket options (continued) level = SOL_SOCKET, optnames = SO_RCVLOWAT, SO_SENDLOWAT low watermark – affects the select system call SO_RCVTIMEO, SO_SNDTIMEO Inherent timeout time (disabled by default) SO_TYPE Socket type: SOCK_STREAM and SOCK_DGRAM Etc.

IP options Allows packets sent through a socket to have certain behavior For example, source routing level = IPPROTO_IP optname (manipulating IP header fields) IP_OPTIONS IP_RECVDSTADDR IP_RECVIF IP_TOS IP_TTL Etc.

level = IPPROTO_TCP, optname = TCP options level = IPPROTO_TCP, optname = TCP_KEEPALIVE Set the time TCP_MAXRT Maximum retransmission time TCP_MAXSEG Maximum segment size See example1.c

fcntl and ioctl fcntl ioctl File control on open files Set file descriptor flags (FD_CLOEXEC) Non-blocking mode, etc. ioctl Some I/O control operations