Endovascular aneurysm repair reverses the increased titer and the inflammatory activity of interleukin-1α in the serum of patients with abdominal aortic.

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Endovascular aneurysm repair reverses the increased titer and the inflammatory activity of interleukin-1α in the serum of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm Clara M. Yates, PhD, Mohamed Abdelhamid, MSc, MRCSEd, Donald J. Adam, MD, FRCSEd, Gerard B. Nash, PhD, Andrew W. Bradbury, BSc, MBA, MD, FRCSEd, G. Ed Rainger, PhD Journal of Vascular Surgery Volume 54, Issue 2, Pages 497-503 (August 2011) DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2011.02.061 Copyright © 2011 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 The flow-based adhesion assay. Schematic diagram illustrating the flow-based adhesion assay: Ibidi slides containing endothelial cells were mounted on the stage of a video microscope and attached via silicon tubing to a 50-mL glass syringe and an electronic switching valve. Isolated neutrophils or PBS/Alb were perfused through the slides at a wall shear stress of 0.05 Pa. Experiments were conducted in a 37°C Perspex cabinet and video recordings made. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2011 54, 497-503DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2011.02.061) Copyright © 2011 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Cytokine and chemokine expression in patient serum following endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). A, Levels of 10 cytokines and chemokines in pre- and postoperative patient serum were measured using luminex. B, Correlation of the levels of interleukin (IL)-1α in preoperative serum with preoperative aneurysm size. C, Correlation of the levels of IL-8 in preoperative serum with preoperative aneurysm size. *P < .05, **P < .01 for comparison between pre- and postsurgery. AAA, Abdominal aortic aneurysm. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2011 54, 497-503DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2011.02.061) Copyright © 2011 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Patient serum does not induce endothelial cell activation. A, Adhesion of neutrophils to endothelial cells that were untreated, treated with 5 U/mL or 100 U/mL tumor necrosis factor (TNF) for 4 hours as a control or pretreated with pre- or postoperative patient serum for 24 hours. B, Behavior of recruited neutrophils to endothelial cells stimulated with 5 or 100 U/mL TNF for 4 hours = rolling; = firmly adherent; = transmigrated. There is a significant decrease in the proportion of neutrophils rolling on endothelial cells stimulated with 100 U/mL compared with 5 U/mL TNF and a significantly higher level of transmigrated neutrophils. *P < .05, **P < .01. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2011 54, 497-503DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2011.02.061) Copyright © 2011 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 Neutrophil behavior on endothelial cells. Neutrophils recruited to endothelial cells treated with (A) 5 U/mL tumor necrosis factor (TNF), (B) 100 U/mL TNF, (C) Pre-op, and (D) Post-op serum. Phase bright cells are rolling or firmly adherent to the endothelial cell surface, transmigrated neutrophils are phase dark and underneath the endothelial cell monolayer. R, Rolling neutrophils; SA, surface-adherent neutrophils; TM, transmigrated neutrophils. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2011 54, 497-503DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2011.02.061) Copyright © 2011 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 5 Preoperative serum primes endothelial responses to low-dose tumor necrosis factor (TNF) resulting in altered neutrophil behavior. Control and patient serum was used to prime endothelial cells for 24 hours and 5 U/mL TNF added for the final 4 hours. Total neutrophil adhesion was assessed (A) and levels of neutrophil transmigration quantified (B). There is a significant difference between levels of transmigrated neutrophils on control vs preoperative serum. There is a significant inhibition of neutrophil transmigration on endothelial cells cultured with postoperative serum compared with preoperative serum. *P < .05, **P < .01. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2011 54, 497-503DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2011.02.061) Copyright © 2011 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 6 Neutralizing interleukin (IL)-1α inhibits endothelial cell priming by preoperative serum. Neutralization of IL-1α in the presence of preoperative serum reduces neutrophil transmigration across endothelial cells pretreated with preoperative serum. IgG control antibody and anti-IL-8 had no effect on neutrophil transmigration. P < .001. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2011 54, 497-503DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2011.02.061) Copyright © 2011 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions