Structures of monomeric and oligomeric forms of the Toxoplasma gondii perforin-like protein 1 by Tao Ni, Sophie I. Williams, Saša Rezelj, Gregor Anderluh,

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Presentation transcript:

Structures of monomeric and oligomeric forms of the Toxoplasma gondii perforin-like protein 1 by Tao Ni, Sophie I. Williams, Saša Rezelj, Gregor Anderluh, Karl Harlos, Phillip J. Stansfeld, and Robert J. C. Gilbert Science Volume 4(3):eaaq0762 March 21, 2018 Copyright © 2018 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY).

Fig. 1 Crystal structure of TgPLP1 MACPF domain. Crystal structure of TgPLP1 MACPF domain. (A) Overall structure of TgPLP1 MACPF domain. Left: The α helices are labeled from α1 to α9 from N to C terminus of the MACPF domain, the TMHs (α1 to α2 and α7 to α8) are highlighted in red, and the additional α helices (α4 to α5) compared with perforin-1 MACPF domain are colored in blue. Right: Side views of TgPLP1 MACPF domain showing the angled α9 and the surface charge distribution. (B) Helical assembly of the TgPLP1 MACPF domain. Top and side views of helical assembly of MACPF domain are shown, with two protein surfaces presented in red and blue. (C) Ring assembly of TgPLP1 MACPF domain. Top and side views of ring assembly of MACPF domain are shown, with two protein surfaces presented in red and green. The relative positions of proteins in the helical and ring assemblies are compared, and the diameter of the helix and ring are shown. Tao Ni et al. Sci Adv 2018;4:eaaq0762 Copyright © 2018 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY).

Fig. 2 TgPLP1 forms a detergent-induced oligomer. TgPLP1 forms a detergent-induced oligomer. (A) SDS–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of TgPLP1 MACPF-APCβ and MACPF domain with or without detergent. (B) Analytical ultracentrifugation of TgPLP1 MACPF-APCβ (0.5 mg/ml) in detergent. The species corresponding to monomer, dimer, and other oligomers are indicated with arrows. Tao Ni et al. Sci Adv 2018;4:eaaq0762 Copyright © 2018 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY).

Fig. 3 Crystal structure of TgPLP1 APCβ domain. Crystal structure of TgPLP1 APCβ domain. (A) Overall structure of APCβ domain with each repeat colored differently. Left: Side view of APCβ domain highlighting the hydrophobic tip at the bottom. Right: Top view showing threefold pseudosymmetry with four antiparallel β-strands forming the core of the domain. (B) Superposition of three tandem repeats showing the conservation within the main scaffold and variation in the bottom loop of each repeat. (C) Crystal structure of pneumolysin and intermedilysin Ig-like domains, with the tryptophan hydrophobic tip highlighted. Tao Ni et al. Sci Adv 2018;4:eaaq0762 Copyright © 2018 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY).

Fig. 4 Characterization of TgPLP1 APCβ membrane binding using MD simulations and liposome sedimentation assays. Characterization of TgPLP1 APCβ membrane binding using MD simulations and liposome sedimentation assays. (A) A snapshot from a 100-ns all-atom (AT) MD simulation of TgPLP1 APCβ domain binding to a lipid bilayer containing 45% POPC, 42% POPE, 10% POPS, 3% PIP2 showing the upright membrane-binding orientation with the extended loop inserted into the bilayer. Lipids are shown with carbon and oxygen colored in white, nitrogen in blue, phosphate in orange, and PIP2 head groups in red. (B) Density map showing APCβ membrane binding to a POPC/POPE/POPS/PIP3 membrane calculated from 20 coarse-grained simulations of 1 μs in length. The YY component of the rotational matrix of APCβ is shown versus the center of mass distance between APCβ and the lipid bilayer, indicating two inverse binding orientations of the domain. (C) Normalized average number of contacts between residues of the APCβ residues and each lipid type in the simulation, taken from three 100-ns AT simulations of APCβ with the POPC/POPE/POPS/PIP2 membrane. (D) Liposome sedimentation assay showing that the TgPLP1 APCβ domain binds to membranes and mutations in the hydrophobic tryptophan tip and charge neutralization abolish membrane binding. Mutant 1 (mut1) affects the tryptophan loop tip (1054MLWL1057-AAAA); mut2 gives charge neutralization (R851A K995A R996A R1030A K1048A); mut3 affects an exposed histidine (H1052A). (E) Fluorescent images of GUVs labeled with rhodamine-phosphatidylethanolamine (red) interacting with His6-tagged APCβ labeled with green fluorescent anti-His6 antibody. Scale bar, 10 μm. WT, wild type. Tao Ni et al. Sci Adv 2018;4:eaaq0762 Copyright © 2018 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY).