Urban Water Institute’s Annual Water Conference August 26, 2015 How San Diego Prepared for this Drought… …and the Next One, and the Next One Urban Water Institute’s Annual Water Conference August 26, 2015 Mark Weston, Board Chair San Diego County Water Authority

Lake Oroville July 2011 100% Capacity May 2015 50% Capacity

San Diego County Water Authority Wholesale water agency created by State Legislature in 1944 24 member agencies 36-member board of directors Serves 3.2 million people and region’s $218 billion economy Imports ~80% of water used in San Diego County Builds, owns, operates and maintains regional water infrastructure Largest member agency of Metropolitan Water District of Southern California 1 CLICK 6 cities, 14 water/utility districts, 3 irrigation districts, 1 military base 3

Sources of San Diego County’s Water Supply (2010-2014 five-year average) San Diego Green Scene - January 10, 2013 19% State Water Project (MWD supplies) California Aqueduct Colorado River Aqueduct 64% Colorado River (Long-term Transfers and MWD supplies) 17% Local Supplies

Droughts are Common in California Sacramento River Unimpaired Runoff through 2015 Welcome to California, where multi-year droughts are a way of life. We’re in the fourth-consecutive year of drought in 2015, and we don’t know when this drought will end. What we do know, however, is that even if the heavens open up in 2016, the next multi-year drought is right around the corner. You can – and we do – plan on it. [Classification for Water Year 2014 – Critical (red) 7.47 maf] 2014 Source: DWR Sacramento River Runoff is the sum of Sacramento River flow at Bend Bridge, Feather River inflow to Lake Oroville, Yuba River flow at Smartville, and American River inflow to Folsom

Climate Matters: San Diego Receives Little Rainfall Average Annual Precipitation in the Southwest 1946 Sacramento: 21.17” San Francisco: 20.78” Los Angeles: 14.93” 1 CLICK Climate and rainfall matter. San Diego County’s natural water assets are poor. We get only 10.34 inches of rain, on average. That is far less than other large cities in California. Sacramento gets more than twice our rainfall, on average. The point here is that climate and rainfall are significant factors in water use. We’ll talk more about that later. San Diego: 10.34”

San Diego County Water Supply 1991 Local Supplies 26,000 AF 5% Metropolitan Water District 552,000 AF 95% 1 CLICK While the Water Authority was organized in 1946, our modern story really began in 1991 – the fifth year of what would be a six-year drought in California. At that time, we were 95-percent-dependent upon a single supplier of water: the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California. We had, in essence, nearly all of our eggs in one basket. Total = 578,000 AF

1991-92: San Diego’s Drought Crisis San Diego Civic Leaders “Never Again!” “No More Water Shortages!” What happened? The bottom of the basket fell out. By March 1991, MWD had cut our water supplies by 31 percent, and even adopted 50-percent cutbacks. We only dodged the 50-percent cuts because of the Miracle March rains. But, nonetheless, we remained in that 31-percent cutback for 13 months. This water supply crisis was San Diego’s wakeup call. Over the past 18 months, other communities throughout California are experiencing their version of our “1991” water supply crises.

TAF=Thousand Acre-Feet Increasing San Diego Region's Water Supply Reliability through Supply Diversification 1991 28 TAF 5% 2015 550 TAF 95% 2020 80 TAF 13% 83 TAF 14% 27 TAF 4% 80 TAF 10% 103 TAF 13% 44 TAF 6% Total = 578 TAF 100 TAF 16% 56 TAF 7% 18 TAF 3% 190 TAF 24% 5 TAF 1% 27 TAF 4% 304 TAF 49% 231 TAF 30% 48 TAF 6% Total = 617 TAF Total = 779 TAF Metropolitan Water District Recycled Water Imperial Irrigation District Transfer Seawater Desalination All American & Coachella Canal Lining Groundwater Conservation (existing and additional) Local Surface Water TAF=Thousand Acre-Feet

Reliability Through Diversification: Conservation Rebates, tools & services Plant fairs and landscape classes Offset 103,000 AF of demand by 2020 13% of supply by 2020 Programs Available at WaterSmartSD.org

IID and Canal Lining Deliveries 2003-2021 Reliability Through Diversification: Imperial Irrigation District Transfer Nation’s largest ag-to-urban water conservation and transfer agreement Ramps up to 200,000 AF/year by 2021 45-to 75-year term 24% of supply by 2020 IID and Canal Lining Deliveries 2003-2021

Reliability Through Diversification: All-American & Coachella Canal Linings 80,000 AF/year for 110 years All-American: 23 miles Coachella: 35 miles 10% of supply by 2020 These projects are now complete. In all, the Water Authority lined 23 miles of the All-American Canal and another 35 miles of the Coachella Canal. Overall, these projects conserve and provide to the San Diego region 80,000 acre-feet of water per year for 110 years. *Updated Aug. 19, 2014 by CLB/LW (numbers match litigation #s = PLEASE do not change the #s.) *Reviewed 5/20/15 by amj, no changes made

Reliability Through Diversification: Groundwater 20,000 AF/year today, growing to 27,000 AF/year by 2020 Brackish groundwater must be desalinated Seven local agencies have groundwater projects 4% of supply by 2020 San Diego County Basins

Reliability Through Diversification: Local Surface Water 25 reservoirs Combined water storage capacity: approximately 745,000 AF 6% of supply by 2020 Olivenhain and Lake Hodges

Reliability Through Diversification: Recycled Water 28,800 AF/year today, growing to approximately 40,000 AF/year by 2020 Drought-proof 17 agencies in San Diego purvey recycled water Primarily used for landscape irrigation 6% of supply by 2020 The City of San Diego produces the most recycled water of the 17 local agencies (21 recycled water treatment facilities). The oldest project in the county is the Santee Lakes, which opened to the public in 1961. The industry standard purple color for all above-ground fixtures and notification signs is widely recognized by the public as a location where recycled water is used. Long-range planning efforts by regional water wholesalers include recycled water as part of it’s water supply portfolio for the region. - Local water agencies are planning to increase recycled water development and increase it’s use by approx. 44,000 acre-feet/year by the year 2020. By 2020 recycled water is expected to make up 6% of San Diego County’s water supply.

Reliability Through Diversification: Seawater Desalination Carlsbad Seawater Desalination Project Expected on-line in Fall 2015 $1 billion investment 56,000 AF/year of drought-proof supplies 7% of supply by 2020

Water Authority Strategy Consistent with California Water Action Plan Make conservation a way of life Increase regional self-reliance and integrated water management Manage and prepare for dry periods Expand water storage capacity

Future Sources: Potable Reuse Several agencies considering projects San Diego: up to 83 MGD by 2035 Padre Dam: up to 3,000 AF per year City of San Diego’s Pure Water Facility Padre Dam’s Advanced Water Purification Demonstration Facility

Future Sources: Additional Seawater Desalination Camp Pendleton Potential project Feasibility studies under way Participation from U.S. Marine Corps Size:100-150 million gallons per day

Historic Investments in Infrastructure

Increasing Conservation and Local Water Supplies (in Acre-Feet) 56,000 44,000 48,000 27,000

San Diego County Per Capita Water Use The 2020 Goal is the result of California Senate Bill X7-7 of 2009, which requires a statewide reduction of 20% urban water use by 2020. The almost exclusive focus of the State of California in this fourth year of drought has been demand reduction – conservation. But, San Diego has been a leader in urban and agricultural water conservation for decades. We’ve reduced our per-capita water use by 31 percent since 1990, including 24 percent since just 2007. This conservation has been sustained even in the face of the worst drought in generations and 18 consecutive months of hotter-than-normal temperatures in San Diego County. In fact, we’re already below the State of California’s 20-percent-by-2020 goal mandated by the state in SBX7-7 of 2009. Early estimates for FY 2015 show per capita water use in the low 140’s.

Water Authority Can Meet 99% of Projected Demands in FY 2016, Even with 15% MWD Shortage Allocation Estimated FY 2016 Potable M&I Demand ~ 523 TAF * MWD Initial Allocation M&I 274 TAF Water Authority CDP 39 TAF We’ve invested billions of dollars over the past 25 years so that we could do exactly this: meet the water demands of a $206 billion economy and protect the quality of life of 3.2 million people, even in the fourth year of a crippling drought. Even with a supply cut of 15 percent from MWD, we can meet 99 percent of our region’s demands for water this year. That’s reliability. Long-Term Colorado River Transfers 180 TAF Local Supplies 25 TAF Based on actual FY 2014, escalated at 1/2% per year. MWD supply allocation in effect 7/1/15 through June 30, 2016. 23

Fiscal Year Potable Water Use in Water Authority Service Area 3/27/2014 Fiscal Year Potable Water Use in Water Authority Service Area June 2015 is 25% lower than June 2014 FY 2015 is 10.5% lower than FY 2014

April 1, 2015 Manual Snow Survey (AP Photo/Rich Pedroncelli) Responding to Drought Conditions and State Board Water Use Reduction Mandate

Water Authority Drought Response Orderly and Coordinated Approach to Managing Droughts 2006 Water Shortage and Drought Response Plan Regional actions taken to lessen severity of shortage conditions in San Diego region Activated February 2014 Includes allocation methodology Outreach campaign In 2006, knowing the state and region experience periods of drought with occasional wet years, the Water Authority created an orderly and coordinated approach to managing droughts, called the Water Shortage and Drought Response Plan. (explain)

Water Authority’s Comprehensive Conservation Outreach Campaign: “When in Drought’ Online & Outdoor TV Web Site Civic Events We’ve responded to this drought with one of the most comprehensive public outreach and advertising campaigns anywhere in the state. The entire San Diego region now has a 2 day per week watering restriction. Social Media Partnerships Radio/ Pandora Landscaper Training Large Events: SD County Fair #droughtbucketlist

Current Activities Influencing Drought Response Actions in 2015/2016 Supply allocation from Metropolitan Water District MWD ordered Level 3, 15% cutback July 1, 2015 – June 30, 2016 allocation period Agencies pay surcharge if they exceed Demand reductions required statewide Governor's April 1 Executive Order: 25% water savings mandate State Water Board emergency conservation regulations Establishes individual reduction targets for each member agency However, this drought is different, with supply allocations from MWD and historic demand reductions from the state. (explain)

State Water Board Emergency Regulations Member Agency Conservation Standards* 3/27/2014 ~20% Region * Based on R-GPCD data current as of 6/11/15

2015 Potable Urban Water Use San Diego County Water Authority Service Area Water agencies made news a couple weeks ago with the reporting out on May 2015 water use numbers. The news was good – people conserved. But, as this page shows, temperature and rainfall also played starring roles in that success. Updated 8/13/15 AJ. (Numbers from Stu Williams) 30% below 2013 26% below 2013 32% below 2013

Water Authority Storing Conserved Water in 2015 Water conserved by residents and businesses since early May is being stored in the newly expanded San Vicente Reservoir 35,000 AF of carryover supplies stored to date Potential to reach 50,000 AF by end of 2015 Reservoir already holds 36,000 AF of emergency storage (out of ultimate 52,000 AF) San Vicente Dam Raise Project 337’ high, 1,420’ long at top, 20’ wide at crest, 251 feet wide at the base. Tallest Dam-Raise in U.S. History Tallest of its Type in the World Approved: 1998 Carryover Storage component added in 2003 Complete: 2014 Cost: $416 million Benefit: 152,000 AF of new storage: 52,000 AF emergency 100,000 AF carryover So, as we saw earlier, our public is responding to our calls to conserve. So, what are we doing with the conserved water? Fortunately, we completed the largest dam-raise project in U.S. history last summer, and we have plenty of new capacity to store water. [Highlight facts on slide.]

San Diego County: 1990 vs. 2015 Jobs (millions) 6 CLICKS This chart gives you a better sense of how our investments in water supplies and infrastructure have helped our region. Between 1990 and 2015, San Diego County’s population (shown in orange) grew by more than 30 percent. Our job base (shown in yellow) grew by 34 percent. And, our economy (shown in purple) grew by about 91% over that span. But the region’s total potable water use (shown in blue) is about 12% below where it was nearly 25 years ago. Thanks to the collective efforts of our region’s water agencies, residents and businesses, we’ve been very effective at meeting the growing water needs of the region through improved efficiency. Updated 08/07/2015 AJ. (Please note that 1990 dollars converted to 2015 dollars using CIP inflation convertor provide by the Bureau of Labor Statistics found here: http://www.bls.gov/data/inflation_calculator.htm) Data sources: -Water use, Population, & GPDC use (potable water only, excludes recycled) from Water Resources Department (other population source says 3.2M estimate for 2013: http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/06/06073.html) -GDP from Bureau of Economic Analysis (only updated twice per year) -Jobs from http://www.bls.gov/cew/dataguide.htm (http://www.bls.gov/news.release/cewqtr.nr0.htm) -Jobs from 1990 California Employment Development Department http://www.calmis.ca.gov/htmlfile/msa/sdiego.htm http://www.bea.gov/iTable/iTable.cfm?reqid=70&step=1&isuri=1&acrdn=5#reqid=70&step=30&isuri=1&7022=11&7023=7&7033=-1&7024=sic&7025=4&7026=06073&7027=1990&7001=711&7028=-1&7031=06000&7040=-1&7083=levels&7029=11&7090=70 -Cost of Water per AF from Water Authority’s budget and annual report - GDP and Population http://www.nusinstitute.org/Economic-Ledger/Issues.html Jobs (millions) Potable water use (thousand acre-feet) Population (millions) Gross Domestic Product (billions) Potable gallons per capita daily use Cost of water per acre-foot (full service treated water rate) 2015 numbers estimated as of 8/7/2015 * 2015 dollars

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