Chapter 4 Material Property Charts Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, © 2010 Michael Ashby

Bar Charts – One Property Figure 4.1 Each property of an engineering material has a characteristic range of values; the bar chart shows the modulus for a family of solids Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, © 2010 Michael Ashby

Bubble Charts – Multiple Properties Figure 4.2 Young’s modulus plotted against density on log scales; each material class occupies a characteristic field Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, © 2010 Michael Ashby

Young’s Modulus - Density Figure 4.3 The guide lines of constant E/ρ, E1/2/ρ, and E1/3/ρ allow selection of materials for minimum weight, deflection-limited, design Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, © 2010 Michael Ashby

Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, © 2010 Michael Ashby

Strength - Density Figure 4.4 The guide lines of constant σf/ρ, σf2/3/ρ, and σf1/2/ρ are used in minimum weight, yield-limited design Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, © 2010 Michael Ashby

Strength – Modulus: The design guide lines help with the selection of materials for springs, pivots, knife-edges, diaphragms, and hinges Figure 4.5 Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, © 2010 Michael Ashby

Specific modulus E/ρ plotted against specific strength σf/ρ; the design guide lines help with the selection of materials for lightweight springs and energy-storage systems Figure 4.6 Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, © 2010 Michael Ashby

Figure 4.7 Plot of fracture toughness vs. Young’s modulus helps in design against fracture Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, © 2010 Michael Ashby

Material selection for damage-tolerant design should utilize the fracture toughness vs. strength property chart Figure 4.8 Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, © 2010 Michael Ashby

Loss Coefficient – Young’s Modulus Figure 4.9 Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, © 2010 Michael Ashby

Thermal Conductivity – Electrical Resistivity Figure 4.10 Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, © 2010 Michael Ashby

Thermal Conductivity – Thermal Diffusivity Figure 4.11 Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, © 2010 Michael Ashby

Thermal Expansion – Thermal Conductivity Figure 4.12 Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, © 2010 Michael Ashby

Thermal Expansion – Young’s Modulus Figure 4.13 Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, © 2010 Michael Ashby

Maximum Service Temperature Above this temperature, the material becomes unusable Figure 4.14 Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, © 2010 Michael Ashby

Figure 4.15 Bar chart of the friction coefficient of materials sliding on an unlubricated steel counterface Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, © 2010 Michael Ashby

Figure 4.16 The normalized wear rate plotted against the hardness; the chart gives an overview of the way in which common engineering materials behave Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, © 2010 Michael Ashby

The cost of a material can be expressed in two ways: $/kg or $/m3 Figure 4.17 The cost of a material can be expressed in two ways: $/kg or $/m3 Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, © 2010 Michael Ashby

Young’s Modulus – Cost Per Unit Volume Figure 4.18 Chart helps the selection to maximize stiffness per unit cost Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, © 2010 Michael Ashby

Strength – Cost Per Unit Volume Design guide lines help selection to maximize strength per unit cost Figure 4.19 Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, © 2010 Michael Ashby