Viruses!!! Incredibly small! Obligate intracellular parasites; have a “host range” “lock-and-key” fit between proteins on outside of virus and receptors.

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Presentation transcript:

Viruses!!! Incredibly small! Obligate intracellular parasites; have a “host range” “lock-and-key” fit between proteins on outside of virus and receptors on host cell; some viruses have wide range (like West Nile); others like measles / polio very narrow; many infect only certain types of cells

Viral Life Cycle: The Lytic Cycle Culminates in death of the host cell; virulent phage; but bacteria have restriction enzymes for defense!

Viral Life Cycle: The Lysogenic Cycle

Animal Viruses: HIV Culminates in death of the host cell; virulent phage; but bacteria have restriction enzymes for defense!

The raw material for evolution is….

Sources of Genetic Variation?

Bacterial Reproduction

Other Sources of Genetic Variation in Bacteria:

Transposable Elements

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