Do Now Describe how a compound is different than a mixture Give 3 examples of each

Mixtures and Solutions How everything is put together.

Mixtures A mixture is a combination of two or more substances where there is no chemical combination or reaction.

Mixtures combine physically in no specific proportions. They just mix.

Solids, liquids and gases can be combined to create a mixture. Mixtures Solids, liquids and gases can be combined to create a mixture.

Mixtures are often referred to as homogeneous or heterogeneous.

Mixtures Heterogeneous mixtures do not have a uniform distribution. Parts are often visible For example: Salad, Beach Sand, Oil and Vinegar dressing

Suspensions Italian salad dressing A SUSPENSION is a heterogeneous mixture of large particles These particles are visible and will settle out on standing Examples of suspensions are: Italian salad dressing Medicines that say “shake well before use”

Colloids (homogeneous suspensions) A mixture in which the particles are dispersed throughout but are not heavy enough to settle out. Made up of solids, liquids and gases. Examples : Mayonnaise Milk Deodorant Jell-O

Mixtures Homogeneous mixtures (Solutions) have a uniform distribution. For example: Tea, Perfume, Air

What is a solution? A solution is a mixture one or more substances dissolved in another. At least two substances must be mixed in order to have a solution

Air is a solution of many different gases. Oxygen Hydrogen Nitrogen Carbon Dioxide

TYPES OF SOLUTIONS 1. Gas – Example: air is a solution of different gasses. 2. Solid in a Liquid – Example: Salt water which is in the liquid state. 3. Gas in a liquid – Example: Carbonated beverage. 4. Solid – brass and bronze

Water is an excellent solvent. Solute vs Solvent Solvent: The dissolver. The liquid that dissolves other substances. Solute: The substance being dissolved. Water is an excellent solvent.

Using Nail Polish Remover Solvent = Nail Polish Remover Solute = Nail Polish

Solutions can be classified as saturated or unsaturated. Saturated solution contains the maximum quantity of solute that dissolves at that temperature. Unsaturated solution contains less than the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve at a particular temperature

Saturation • Unsaturated – the liquid (solution) can dissolve more solute (not filled) • Saturated – the liquid is holding the maximum amount of solute possible Supersaturated – the liquid is holding more solute than possible *Created by quickly heating and slowly cooling the solution*

Solubility curve Saturated Supersaturated Unsaturated

Do now: Copy into notes Factors that affect solubility Temperature- See solubility curve Energy of the particles- Particles dissolve faster when stirred Surface area of the solute- Smaller particles dissolve faster

Solubility Questions 1. At 60°C, 38g of solute is dissolved in 100g of water. What is the name of the solute? 2. If 50g of KCl are dissolved in 100g of water, at 80°C, is the solution saturated, unsaturated, supersaturated? 3. What is the solubility of KNO3 at 45°C in 200g of water? 4. What is the solubility of KCl at 80°C in 50g of water?