A Flawed Peace What were the terms of the Treaty of Versailles and why could this present a problem in the future?
Paris Peace Conference The PPC begins in January of 1919 Conference will be dominated by four countries each with different goals 1) Woodrow Wilson - USA 2) Lloyd George – Great Britain Wants a lasting peace! Punish Germany! 1)Fourteen Points 1)Germany pays reparations a)Independence for some colonial people 2)Weaken German Army 3) Independence in German/Austrian areas b)League of Nations 4) Vittorio Orlando - Italy 3) Georges Clemenceau - France Get Anything! 1)Get land from The breakup of Austria-Hungary Get Revenge! 1)Blame Germany for war 2)Take back territory 3) Make them pay for war 4) Give independence to people controlled by C.P
Not all countries involved in the war were invited to Paris German Republic Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire Why? They lost! – need revenge on someone Why? Country to be broken up Why? Will also be broken up – British want Middle East oil Lenin & Russia Colonies seeking Independence Why? Don’t like communists! Nationalist like Ho Chi Minh of French Indochina were asked to leave!
The Treaty of Versailles War Guilt Germany must sign a war guilt clause (sole responsibility for the war) Reparations ($) Germany must pay $33 billion over the next 30 years Military Restrictions Germany must reduce size of their army, cannot make or import any weapons, and can’t have submarines Fourteen Points (Self Determination) Independence given to parts of Germany & A-H. League of Nations is formed (US will decline)
Treaty of Versailles – Territorial Changes Germany Gives back Alscae-Lorriane to France Loses Saar Region & Rhineland to France Loses part of East Prussia & SE Germany (Poles, Czechs) Loses ALL African & Asian colonies Austria-Hungary Territory given to five countries: Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Yugoslavia Ottoman Empire 1)Ottomans get to keep Turkey 2) Middle East will be given to British & French as mandates Russia Territory is given to Poland, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania Legacy? Bad feelings, possible revenge in future!