Model of ABC Transporters, H+ Primary Pumps, H+-Coupled Transporters, and Channels in a Simplified Tonoplast.Glutathione S-conjugate (GS-X) and metabolite.

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Model of ABC Transporters, H+ Primary Pumps, H+-Coupled Transporters, and Channels in a Simplified Tonoplast.Glutathione S-conjugate (GS-X) and metabolite (M) transport is achieved by an ABC transporter(s). Model of ABC Transporters, H+ Primary Pumps, H+-Coupled Transporters, and Channels in a Simplified Tonoplast.Glutathione S-conjugate (GS-X) and metabolite (M) transport is achieved by an ABC transporter(s). An electrogenic H+-ATPase (V-type) and an H+-PPase acidify the vacuole. The proton motive force provides energy for uptake and release of solutes (i.e., cations, anions, and organic solutes, denoted A, B, or C indiscriminately here) across the tonoplast through transporters and channels. Water channels (aquaporins) facilitate the passive exchange of water. Francis Marty Plant Cell 1999;11:587-599 ©1999 by American Society of Plant Biologists