Type of circuits used in non-invasive ventilation (NIV) with (A) an expiratory valve and (B) intentional leak, and typical traces obtained with these different.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Kaplan-Meier survival curves by frequency of exacerbations in patients with COPD: group A, patients with no acute exacerbations of COPD; group B, patients.

Advertisements

Chart 1: Oxygen prescription for acutely hypoxaemic patients in hospital. Chart 1: Oxygen prescription for acutely hypoxaemic patients in hospital. ABG,

Diagram of apparatus used to assess accuracy of measurements made with flow sensor 1 (FS1) using flow sensor 2 (FS2). Diagram of apparatus used to assess.

Cross sectional comparisons of GAPDH and β-actin gene expression.

Effects of nitrate ingestion (10 mg/kg body weight at 0 min) on (A) FENO values, (B) nitrite and (C) nitrate concentrations in oral (filled circles) and.

Comparison of the banding patterns from randomly amplified polymorphic DNA PCR assays of sequential B pseudomallei isolates from each of the cases. Comparison.

Tracings of concurrent oesophageal manometry, pH, and impedance.

Vibration in neonates during high frequency ventilation (HFV, n = 7), conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV, n = 7), and spontaneous breathing (SB,

Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials diagram

Vitamin D deficiency is common in α1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) and relates to lung function. Vitamin D deficiency is common in α1-antitrypsin deficiency.

Chart 3: Working example of oxygen section for hospital prescription charts (two panels are required on the prescription chart because oxygen may change.

Sedentary time was higher in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) than healthy controls with fewer sedentary to active transitions (data reported.

A, B, C, D show outcome results for individual symptoms using GSRS-IBS scoring system and mean symptom severity scores before and after IBS dietetic management.

Masashi Maeda et al. Heart Asia 2013;5:7-14

Preprocedure patient ranking of aspects of their care important for obtaining satisfaction with their colonoscopy experience (1=high, 15=low for importance)

Single limb “non-vented” respiratory circuit with an exhalation valve (V) sited at a) the distal end of the inspiratory circuit or b) at the end of a short.

Examples of single limb “vented” circuits.

Flow–volume loop analysis

Young people drink significantly less frequently than older people (A), but drink significantly more on each drinking day (panel B). Young people drink.

Non-invasive positive-pressure ventilation with positive end-expiratory pressure counteracts inward air leaks during preoxygenation: a randomised crossover.

A, B, C, D show outcome results for individual symptoms using GSRS-IBS scoring system and mean symptom severity scores before and after IBS dietetic management.

The neonatal care environment.

Area under the receiver operating curve showing 0

Flow diagram of sample selection and reduction of subject numbers by application of exclusion criteria. ‡Data from Medical Record; ‡‡Records missing gender.

The Glasgow trolley used in the study by Aladangady et al18 that inspired the first designs of the Bedside Assessment, Stabilisation and Initial Cardiorespiratory.

A premature baby inside an incubator in the neonatal intensive care unit. A premature baby inside an incubator in the neonatal intensive care unit. The.

The first Bedside Assessment, Stabilisation and Initial Cardiorespiratory Support (BASICS) prototype (by PW in April 2011, reprinted with his permission).

Dose–response curve for the rate ratio (solid line) and 95% CIs (dashed lines) of pneumonia as a function of inhaled corticosteroid dose in μg (measured.

Flow chart of the NELSON lung cancer screening study.

Area under the receiver operating curve showing 0

Frequency plots of copy number aberrations (CNAs) are shown for (A) baseline endobronchial lesions of cases (n=12) and (B) baseline endobronchial lesions.

HFNC off is compared with HFNC 30 L/min and HFNC 50 L/min for tidal volume. HFNC off is compared with HFNC 30 L/min and HFNC 50 L/min for tidal volume.

Log faecal calprotectin concentration (mg/l) in the different diagnostic groups. Log faecal calprotectin concentration (mg/l) in the different diagnostic.

Effect of using β-actin as a denominator of IL-2 BAL fluid cell mRNA levels. Effect of using β-actin as a denominator of IL-2 BAL fluid cell mRNA levels.

Comparison of MGM-FCI-MAX-derived with retrained lung cancer prediction models on the training cohort. Comparison of MGM-FCI-MAX-derived with retrained.

Individual data and mean of absolute gall bladder emptying (cm3) induced by modified sham feeding (MSF) in controls and patients with slow transit constipation.

Prevalence of LTBI, hepatitis B and hepatitis C, compared with nationally representative samples. Prevalence of LTBI, hepatitis B and hepatitis C, compared.

Countries and areas of the Western Pacific region included within the scope of this study. Taiwan does not have WHO Member State status but is within this.

Pyramid of incidence of acute cough.

Kaplan-Meier survival curves by frequency of exacerbations in patients with COPD: group A, patients with no acute exacerbations of COPD; group B, patients.

Mean (95% CI) change in Clinical COPD Questionnaire (CCQ) with pulmonary rehabilitation, according to achievement (+) or non-achievement (−) of the established.

The QT interval responses to different pacing rates in a patient in group I. The pacing rate was decreased from 110 to 50 beats/min and the QT interval.

Cumulative incidence of calcification (A) and diabetes (B) since birth in smokers and non-smokers in chronic alcoholic pancreatitis, and cumulative incidence.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) prevalence (postbronchodilator FEV1/FVC (forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity)

Chest CT scans obtained at the time of first onset of illness (A), at the time of the first visit to our hospital (B), on the day of bronchoscopic examination.

Classification of allergic fungal disease in asthma.

Bland–Altman plots for (A) interobserver and (B) test-retest reliability, with difference between measurements (y axis) plotted against mean of the measurements.

Study flow chart and pathway.

Study designs for double-blind single maintenance and reliever therapy (SMART) studies. Study designs for double-blind single maintenance and reliever.

Changes from baseline in (A) sputum cellularity and (B) endobronchial biopsy cellularity following 1 year of single maintenance and reliever therapy (SMART)

Relationship between the response to bronchodilator and the pre-bronchodilator FEV1 at visit 2. Relationship between the response to bronchodilator and.

Odds ratio (95% confidence intervals) of reporting respiratory symptoms in patients with treated hypothyroidism or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) compared.

A recording of volume guarantee ventilation, running from left to right, showing 10 consecutive inflations. A recording of volume guarantee ventilation,

Predicted FEV1/FVC ratio and lower limit of normal in healthy females of different ethnicity GLI. Reproduced with permission from Quanjer PH, Stanojevic.

Changes in responder classification and corresponding subgroup mean FEV1 at each visit after both bronchodilators using (A) American Thoracic Society and.

Biological incorporation of the mesh.

MADs used in the two study arms.

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis for the LENT score and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score (PS) for the.

Determinants of moderate Cardiovascular Health Index Score (achieving three or more risk factor targets), stratified by region conventions as in figure.

Test of equal amplification efficiency of competitive PCR by titration of competitor. Test of equal amplification efficiency of competitive PCR by titration.

(A) Trends in colorectal cancer incidence and mortality in males (M) and females (F) by country (group 1: increasing or stable incidence and mortality).

Comparison of heart failure admissions rates per annum (recorded hospital admissions/ population at risk) in western developed countries 1978 to.

Kaplan-Meier survival curves by severity of exacerbations in patients with COPD: (1) no acute exacerbations of COPD; (2) patients with acute exacerbations.

Gall bladder volumes (mean (SEM)) in the fasting state, during, and after modified sham feeding (MSF) and in response to cholecystokinin (CCK) infusion.

Tracing of tidal breathing followed by an inspiratory manoeuvre to total lung capacity (TLC) to record inspiratory capacity (IC), followed by a full expiration.

Overview of the screening-detected lung cancers and interval cancers across the four rounds. Overview of the screening-detected lung cancers and interval.

(A) Axial CT scan and (B) coronal section demonstrating Zephyr valve in a good position in the right upper lobe and (C) Zephyr valve poorly positioned.

Assessment of patients with possible occupational asthma.

Change in COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) assessment test (CAT) score after pulmonary rehabilitation corresponding to different responses.

Comparison of total lung capacity (TLC), slow vital capacity (SVC) and carbon monoxide transfer factor (Tlco) in patients with stable interstitial lung.

Presentation transcript:

Type of circuits used in non-invasive ventilation (NIV) with (A) an expiratory valve and (B) intentional leak, and typical traces obtained with these different assemblies. Type of circuits used in non-invasive ventilation (NIV) with (A) an expiratory valve and (B) intentional leak, and typical traces obtained with these different assemblies. Note that when a circuit with an expiratory valve is used, the expiratory valve may be interposed in the circuit (single circuit) (A) or included in the ventilator (double circuit) (B); when a single circuit with intentional leak is used, the leak may be interposed in the circuit (C) or incorporated at the mask (D). Flow traces can be influenced by the type of circuit used, but also by the position of the pneumotachograph with regard to the expiratory device. In the case of a double circuit provided by an expiratory valve, the expiratory slope will reflect the expired volume only when the flow sensor is interposed between the mask and the exhalation device (trace 2 in A), but not when it is placed distally to the expiratory valve (trace 1 in A). On the other hand, when using a single circuit with intentional leak, the expiratory slope does not reflect the expired tidal volume and may be absent (B). In this case, the position of the pneumotachograph with regard to the leak device does not significantly change the expiratory slope. Modified from Perrin et al19 with permission. Claudio Rabec et al. Thorax 2011;66:170-178 Copyright © BMJ Publishing Group Ltd & British Thoracic Society. All rights reserved.