New Criticism: Q & A.

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Presentation transcript:

New Criticism: Q & A

1. Why is a literary work an autonomy for New Critics? Do you agree? Autonomy from its writer and readers. A writer can transform his personal experience into something universal. Poetic truth cannot be paraphrased; it is embodied in literary form. Organic Unity resolves all the conflicts in the text.  By extension, it offers a solution (visionary solution) to social conflicts.  to reconstruct “organic society” and re-assert human values.

Why is a literary work an autonomy for New Critics? Do you agree? historical backgrounds: 1. The two WW; Worldly chaos and denials of Western sources of belief (e.g. God, Love and Reason). 2. Setting up of the English department. (English literature was first taught in a university department in India in 19th century, and then to women and laborers in England in some community colleges at the turn of the century. The scholars’ doubts: “since everybody reads it, what’s there to study?” ) 3. American context: the conflicts between decadent South and industrialism (Cf. T. Eagleton Literary Theory).

New Criticism: More Questions Theory: 2. Do you think that we definitely can find out textual unity? Practice: 3. For New Critics, the unity in the best literary work is achieved through paradox, irony and ambiguity. Do you agree? Life: 4. Do you think that we can determine our life? 5. Do you agree that life is filled with paradoxes, conflicts and ambiguities?

The theories after New Criticism: Five Main Points Politics is pervasive (implying power relations), 任何事情都是政治的， Language is constructive (but not reflective) of reality, 語言為建構， Truth is provisional (no universal, non-changing truth), 真理是臨時建構， Meaning is contingent (context is important determinant of meanings), 意義是因時／地制定的， Human nature is a myth 人性的普遍性是虛構的.