Examples of ventilatory efficiency slope (minute ventilation (V′E)/carbon dioxide production (V′CO2) slope) in a healthy subject (green line) and a patient.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Patients who had reported experiencing symptoms in the previous 7 days were asked during what times of the day the symptoms were most troublesome. a) Breathlessness,
Advertisements

Ventilatory and cerebrovascular responses to hyperoxic hypercapnia.
Relationship between the change in a) ventilatory and b) cerebrovascular responses in older healthy subjects (Older) and chronic obstructive pulmonary.
acute, chronic, or acute on chronic.
The intermittent hypoxia model in normal volunteers.
Radiology assessment of pulmonary amyloidosis
Recommended algorithm for high-flow nasal cannula use in acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure in immunocompetent or immunocompromised patients. #: arterial.
In chronic haemorrhage a) several pigmented macrophages fill the alveoli with dense fibrosis of the interstitium; b) the haemosiderin pigment in macrophages.
Flowchart showing the requirement for starting, documenting and evaluating the effect on quality of life (QoL) of interdisciplinary best supportive care.
Time frames for the application of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation in acute respiratory failure (ARF) according to the severity and end-of-life.
High-resolution computed tomography scan revealing a nonspecific interstitial pneumonia pattern with basal predominant ground-glass opacities and associated.
Changes in operating lung volumes expressed as % of predicted total lung capacity (%TLC predicted) are shown as minute ventilation (V′E) increases during.
Representative photomicrograph of small airways abnormalities in a subject with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Representative photomicrograph of.
Kaplan–Meier analysis of survival over 2 years of treatment with riociguat in the CHEST-2 study [54]. Kaplan–Meier analysis of survival over 2 years of.
Axial computed tomography (CT) images a) at baseline and b) at a 12-month follow-up scan, in a patient with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). b) Note.
Representative diaphragm electromyogram (EMG) tracings at rest (a and b) and during maximum voluntary ventilation (c and d) in a healthy subject (a and.
Computed tomography coronary angiogram from a 43-year-old female patient with pulmonary arterial hypertension, showing compression of the left coronary.
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing of a patient with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension showing fields 4, 6 and 9 of the Wasserman panel. a) Elevated.
Serial computed tomography (CT) imaging for monitoring disease progression in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Serial computed tomography (CT)
Electromagnetic navigation image: the icon representing the locatable guide (arrow) can be seen 3 mm away from the centre of a small pulmonary nodule in.
Association between cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular risk factors and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on mortality. Association between.
A–f) Respiratory mechanical measurements during incremental cycle exercise in patients with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and age-matched.
A) Healthcare utilisation, b) short form (SF)-12 scores and c) work productivity and activity impairment in patients with asthma (▓) and diabetes (▪) in.
Difference of oxygen uptake efficiency (OUE; oxygen uptake (V′O2)/minute ventilation (V′E)) plateau between a typical pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)
Arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) patterns during sleep in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) alone and the overlap syndrome. Arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2)
3-year survival of lung cancer patients in the general population and in those with a prior diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Positron emission tomography scan in the axial plane performed in June 2007 showing intense and homogeneous increased uptake of 18-fluorodeoxyglucose within.
Effects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) severity on different parameters of ventilatory inefficiency during incremental cardiopulmonary.
Evaluation of cognitive performance based on the ability to copy a simple drawing. Evaluation of cognitive performance based on the ability to copy a simple.
Post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) to forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio in subjects aged >50 yrs. Post-bronchodilator forced expiratory.
The amplitude of oscillation of end-tidal CO2 correlates to the amplitude of oscillation of cardiac output for both patients with heart failure (no fill)
Left: Alternations in cardiac output (black) in one typical patient, every 60 s for three cycles, are followed by oscillations in end-tidal CO2 (blue)
Endobronchial biopsy from case 2 showing sheets of epitheloid macrophages without giant cells, mixed with other chronic inflammatory cells. Endobronchial.
A) Levels of nitrosothiols in breath condensate in normal healthy smokers and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). b) Increased.
Pulmonary angiography in the right lung (a, c, e and g) and the left lung (b, d, f and h) of a patient with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.
Outline of the distal lung regions in haematoxylin and eosin-stained lung tissue [115, 116] showing the inner airway wall (green arrowheads), smooth muscle.
The minute ventilation (V′E)/carbon dioxide production (V′CO2) relationship slope in a patient with pulmonary arterial hypertension and preserved physiological.
Oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide removal in the membrane lung
Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) management strategy.
Homogenisation of the distribution of lung aeration as a result of moving from a) the supine to b) the prone position during acute respiratory distress.
Change in physiological variables from baseline values a) at rest and b) during exercise after saline infusion and exposition to different β-blocker agents.
Exposure to intermittent hypoxia after 13 nights led to an increase in sympathetic activity measured by muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA). Exposure.
A) Exertional dyspnoea and b) leg discomfort intensity (Borg score) are shown in response to increasing minute ventilation (V′E) and/or work rate during.
A) Positron emission tomography scan showing 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in the right supraclavicular, hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes and in the left.
In a representative chronic heart failure patient, tidal flow-volume loops at rest (solid line) and at the peak of symptom-limited incremental exercise.
A) Conventional pulmonary angiogram, with b) and c) corresponding optical coherence tomography images from a patient with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary.
Overall forest plot from meta-analysis carried out in 11 studies a) assessing the relative risk of adverse events; and subgroup analysis performed on studies.
Example scans for a typical patient with operable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. a) Perfusion (Q′) and b) ventilation (V′) lung scans.
A) Annual diagnosed incidence of pulmonary embolism (PE), and b) annual full incidence of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) per 100 000.
Schematic diagram of the shared subgroups between asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Schematic diagram of the shared subgroups between.
Correlation between inspiratory capacity (IC)/total lung capacity (TLC) ratio and oxygen pulse at peak exercise in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Marco Guazzi et al. JACC 2017;70:
Progression in the patient’s pulmonary function tests from 2010 to a) Forced vital capacity (FVC); b) total lung capacity (TLC); c) diffusing capacity.
Risk ratio (RR) and number needed to treat (NNT) are time-dependent measures. a) When an intervention is associated with constant relative risk reduction.
Reduction in mean pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in 37 subjects following acute sildenafil administration to ongoing bosentan therapy in the COMPASS-1.
Patient with inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension showing a typical aspect of subpleural hypoperfusion at the capillary phase of pulmonary.
Distribution and change of the underlying disease in patients discharged with home mechanical ventilation (n = 854). ♦: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;
Autofluorescence bronchoscopy can discriminate normal from abnormal bronchial mucosa due to the difference in fluorescence emission: normal bronchial mucosa.
Single photon emission computed tomography ventilation images of a male asthmatic subject at a, b) baseline and c, d) post-methacholine challenge, at approximately.
Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging of a patient with tuberous sclerosis complex lymphangioleiomyomatosis and multiple small renal angiomyolipomas (arrows)
A) Operating lung volumes and b) breathing frequency (Fb) during incremental cycle exercise in patients with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Left upper lobe complete atelectasis 2 days after implantation of four endobronchial valves into the left upper lobe in a patient with emphysema. a) Chest.
24-h blood pressure profile after a, d) one night of intermittent hypoxia (IH) exposure, b, e) 13 nights IH exposure and c, f) 5 days after cessation of.
Pulmonary artery pressure in a) healthy subjects and b) pulmonary hypertension (PH) subjects. Pulmonary artery pressure in a) healthy subjects and b) pulmonary.
Mean change from baseline in percentage predicted forced vital capacity (FVC) in the a) phase III CAPACITY [27] and b) ASCEND [14] studies. #: n=174; ¶:
A–f) Diaphragm electromyography (EMGdi) and selected ventilatory and indirect gas exchange responses to incremental cycle exercise test in patients with.
Baseline New York Heart Association functional class (NYHA FC) predicts survival in patients with pulmonary hypertension using infused epoprostenol therapy.
A) Dyspnoea response at rest, iso-time, and peak exercise in 20 patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease during constant work-rate cycle exercise.
Depiction of an expiratory flow curve.
The natural history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a mixture of the natural history of the various phenotypes making up the umbrella.
Presentation transcript:

Examples of ventilatory efficiency slope (minute ventilation (V′E)/carbon dioxide production (V′CO2) slope) in a healthy subject (green line) and a patient with chronic heart failure (CHF) presenting with a peak oxygen uptake (V′O2) between 14 and 18 mL·kg−... Examples of ventilatory efficiency slope (minute ventilation (V′E)/carbon dioxide production (V′CO2) slope) in a healthy subject (green line) and a patient with chronic heart failure (CHF) presenting with a peak oxygen uptake (V′O2) between 14 and 18 mL·kg−1 (blue line) and a CHF patient presenting with a peak V′O2 <14 mL·kg−1 (red line). Bruno-Pierre Dubé et al. Eur Respir Rev 2016;25:317-332 ©2016 by European Respiratory Society