Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes Notes

Objectives/Why does this matter? Learning Targets: Are there different types of cells? How does the endosymbiotic theory explain a eukaryotes nucleus? Objective: We will be able to use a Venn Diagram in order identify the key characteristics in eukaryotes and prokaryotes.

One way to remember the difference Eukaryote Eukaryote has true nucleus EU = True Prokaryote Prokaryote has no nucleus PRO = No or Before Kary = Nucleus

What are some differences you see between these two cells?

Types of Cells Prokaryotes Archaeabacteria Eubacteria Eukaryotes (Protists are a clade of eukaryotes that can mimic the three eukaryotic kingdoms) Animal Plant Fungi

What are organelles? A specialized part of a cell with a specific function  Mini “organs” of a cell.

All Cells (prokaryotic and eukaryotic) have Have DNA (genetic material) Have Ribosomes Are enclosed by a Cell membrane. Are filled with Cytoplasm. cell membrane Bacterium (colored SEM; magnification 8800x) cytoplasm

Common features of all cells Cell Membrane Outer layer that controls what enters & exits the cell

Common features of all cells 2. Cytoplasm Jelly like material which cell organelles float in

Common features of all cells 3. DNA- genetic material

Common features of all cells 4. Ribosome – site of protein synthesis

Prokaryotes Prokaryotic cells No nucleus No organelles Smaller in size Simple structure Unicellular nucleus organelles cell membrane cytoplasm

Eukaryotes Eukaryotic cells Have a nucleus Have organelles Are larger in size More complex structure Multicellular nucleus organelles cell membrane cytoplasm

Nucleus DEFINITION: b. FUNCTION: Control center of the cell the “brain” b. FUNCTION: -Stores all DNA Nucleus

Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes Venn Diagram In your composition book, make a Venn Diagram comparing and contrasting Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes

Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Cell Membrane Cytoplasm DNA Ribosomes

Prokaryotes Eukaryotes No Nucleus No organelles Smaller in size Simple Unicellular organisms Cell Membrane Cytoplasm DNA Ribosomes Nucleus present Has organelles Bigger in size More complex Multicellular organisms

Prokaryote or Eukaryote???

Prokaryote or Eukaryote???

Prokaryote or Eukaryote???

Prokaryote or Eukaryote???

Prokaryote or Eukaryote???

On the next few slide…. Practice EOC questions

EOC Practice Question The diagram shows a drawing of a cell. Which cellular component identifies the cell shown as a eukaryotic cell? EXPLAIN your answer. a. Nucleus b. Ribosome c. Cytoplasm d. Cell membrane

EOCT Question

EOCT Question

EOCT Question

EOCT Question

EOCT Question

Exit ticket questions (Some have more than one answer) 1. Which characteristics do all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have in common? A. cell wall B. nucleus C. cell membrane D. organelles E. Ribosome 2. Which characteristic is NOT common to both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? A. cytoplasm B. reproduction C. nucleus D. cell membrane 3. In general eukaryotic cells are… A. smaller than prokaryotic cells B. larger than prokaryotic cells C. about the same size D. visible to the unaided eye 4. What is the jelly-like substance in all cells? A. cell wall B. nucleus C. cytoplasm D. DNA 5. Which organelle is found in both cell types? A. nucleus B. cell wall C. ribosomes D. RNA E. DNA F. Cytoplasm