Current/ Potential Difference

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Presentation transcript:

Current/ Potential Difference

Electrons Flow - + e- Electrons are negatively charged and therefore flow from negative to positive

Current We use an ammeter to measure current Current is the FLOW OF ELECTRONS AROUND A CIRCUIT In metals, current is carried by electrons We use an ammeter to measure current The unit of current is the ampere (A)

Current in a Series Circuit The Current in a Series Circuit is the Same at Every Point

In a series circuit the bulbs are all the same brightness If the bulbs are of the same rating!

Current Questions A B C The current reading for bulb B is 2A. What are the readings for bulbs A and C? Bulb B suddenly fails. What happens to bulbs A and C?

What Is the Current at This Point?

Brightness of Bulbs in a Series Circuit If a cell is added the current will increase and the bulb gets brighter

Brightness of Bulbs in a Series Circuit If a bulb is added the current will decrease as there is greater resistance in the circuit and the bulbs get dimmer

Current in a Parallel Circuit A PARALLEL circuit has more than one path for the current to flow through Assuming both bulbs are the Same…they will be the same brightness Bulb A Bulb B

Current in a Parallel Circuit The Advantages of a parallel circuit are: If one bulb fails ….the other will remain on Both bulbs can be switched on separately Bulb A Bulb B

Current in a Parallel Circuit The total flow of current is equal to the total current from all of the branches 2A 2A 2A

What is the ammeter reading?

Voltage (Potential Difference)

Voltage Is the Driving Force That Pushes the Current Around the Circuit

Potential Difference/ Voltage This is VOLTA. He studied the driving force that pushes current around a circuit. He gave his name to the unit of Potential Difference The unit of Potential Difference is the VOLT (V)

Voltage in a Series Circuit The voltage in a series circuit is shared across each component. The sum of the voltages across each component equals the source voltage 12V 4V 4V 4V 12V

What Is the Voltage? ?V 8V 8V 8V ?V

Voltage in a Parallel Circuit The voltage is the same across all components in parallel 6V

What Is the Voltage? 9V ? V ? V Return to menu

Complete the meter readings 12V A2 A3 V1 A1 V2 V3

Which Is the Series and Parallel Circuit A * Current is THE SAME at any point * Voltage SPLITS UP over each component B * Current SPLITS UP down each branch * Voltage is THE SAME across each branch

Summary Table Current Voltage Resistance Is the flow of electrons around a circuit Voltage Is the driving force that pushes the current around. Resistance Is anything in a circuit which slows the flow down