Data Snapshot Marion County April 2018 County Data Snapshot Series

01 02 03 04 Table of Contents Introduction Demography Economy Labor Market Data Snapshot //Marion County

01 Introduction Purpose About Marion County Make more printer friendly, maybe gray

4 Introduction Purpose To strengthen the value and usability of the information, we showcase the data using a variety of visual tools, such as charts, graphs and tables. In addition, we offer key points about the data as a way of assisting the user with the interpretation of the information presented. Finally, short takeaway messages are offered at the end of each section in order to highlight some of the more salient findings. This document provides information and data about Marion County that can be used to guide local decision-making activities. The Data Snapshot showcases a variety of demographic, economic and labor market information that local leaders, community organizations and others can use to gain a better perspective on current conditions and opportunities in their county. Data Snapshot // Marion County

About Marion County Introduction Established 1822 County Seat 5 Introduction About Marion County Established 1822 County Seat Indianapolis Area 403 sq. mi. Neighboring Counties Hamilton, IN Hancock, IN Shelby, IN Johnson, IN Morgan, IN Hendricks, IN Boone, IN Metropolitan Classification Micropolitan Statistical Area EDA Distress Criteria Not Distressed Data Snapshot // Marion County

Educational Attainment 02 Demography Population Change Population Pyramid Generational Chart Race Ethnicity Educational Attainment Takeaways

7 Demography Population Change Total Population Projections The total population is projected to increase by 1.1 percent between 2016 and 2020. Components of Population Change, 2000-2016 2000-2010 2010-2016 Natural Increase 78,066 40,481 International Migration 22,898 16,914 Domestic Migration -59,178 -19,372 Total Change 36,940 36,530 The county’s total population increased by 18.6 percent between 1970 to 2016. From 2010 to 2016, county experienced 4.2 percent increase (37,836 individuals). From 2000 to 2016, the county gained by 9.4% having 80,775 individuals more. The key contributor to that increase was Natural increase (births minus deaths) and International migration – people moving in from versus moving out to outside the U.S. resulting an increase of 158,359 individuals. Domestic migration (number of people moving into the county minus moving out from the county to other parts of the state or the U.S.) caused a decrease of 78,550 individuals. Data Snapshot // Marion County Sources: STATSIndiana, U.S. Census Bureau – 1990 Census, 2000 Decennial Census, 2010 Decennial Census, 2016 Estimates, Estimates of the Components of Resident Population Change

Population Pyramids Demography Year 2000 Year 2016 8 Demography Population Pyramids Year 2000 Year 2016 Male Female The proportion of males and females in Marion County changed slightly between 2000 and 2016. Approximately 51.7 percent of the population was female in 2000, that slightly increased to 51.8 percent. A bigger change, however, occurred among other age groups in the county. For example, the proportion of individuals (males and females) 50 years of age and older expanded from 24.4 percent to 30.2 percent from 2000 to 2016. Several other age categories suffered a decline in Marion County. The percentage of people under 20 years old fell 1 percentage point from 2000 to 2016. Among them, individuals under 10 years old (age 0-9) shrank from 14.7 to 14.5 percent. How about those of prime working age – those between 20-49 years of age? They, too, experienced a downturn from 47.1 percent to 42.5 percent over the 2000-2016 time span. Source: U.S. Census Bureau – 2000 Decennial Census and 2016 Annual Population Estimates Data Snapshot // Marion County Table names: Census 2000 SF1 QTP1, PEP2016 PEPAGESEX

Generational Chart Demography Year 2016 9 Silent Generation and Great Generation or the Lost Generation are 70 years and above. Some of them fought in Word Wars and experienced the Great Depression of 1930s. Baby Boomers is generation after World War II. They are now 50 to 70 years old and nearing retirement age. They experienced the U.S. economic growth and prosperity. This is a large generational cohort with strong work ethics. Generation X is now 35 to 50 years old. This generation has experienced technological advances (internet and automation) and tries to cope up with the new technology. Millennials are now 20 to 34 years old. This generation is diverse and has adapted to technology. Generation Z is in teens and the most technologically savvy generation. Year 2016 Data Snapshot // Marion County Source: Population Estimates, U.S. Census Bureau

Race Demography Year 2000 Year 2016 10 Demography Race Year 2000 Year 2016 Note: Natives are comprised of American Indian and Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander. The number of White residents in Marion County decreased from 70.5 percent to 65.0 percent between 2000 and 2016. The percentage of non-White races increased between 2000 and 2016 from 29.5 percent to 35 percent. The number of Blacks or African Americans increased by 59,839 individuals, from 24.2 percent to 28.5 percent of the total population during the 16-year period. The population of Asians also grew from 1.4 percent to 3.1 percent with 17,126 more individuals in 2016. The Native population increased by 2,720 individuals while the percentage increased from 0.3 to 0.6 percent. Meanwhile individuals with two or more races experienced a decrease (-0.8 percentage point with 4,388 less individuals) over the same time period. Source: U.S. Census Bureau – 2000 Decennial Census and 2016 Annual Population Estimates Data Snapshot //Marion County Table names: Census 2000 SF1 P008, PEP2016 PEPSR6H

11 Demography Ethnicity Hispanics are individuals of any race whose ancestry are from Mexico, Puerto Rico, Cuba, Spain, the Dominican Republic or any other Spanish-speaking Central or South American country. There were 33,290 Hispanics residing in Marion County in 2000. This figure increased significantly by 2016, reaching to 95,677 individuals. In terms of percentage growth, the Hispanic population expanded by 187 percent between 2000 and 2016. As such, the Hispanic community represented nearly 10.2 percent of Marion County's population in 2016. Data Snapshot // Marion County Source: Decennial Census, Population Estimates, U.S. Census Bureau

Educational Attainment 12 Demography Educational Attainment Marion County’s share of adults (25 years and older) with bachelor’s or higher degree increased by 4 percentage points from 2000 to 2016. The proportion of adults 25+ years of age with a high school education decreased by 2 percentage points between 2000 and 2016. Residents with less than a high school education dipped by 3 percentage points over this period. There were 101,596 adult individuals who did not have a high school degree in 2000 and that number dropped to 87,220 individuals by 2016. The number of adults with an associate’s degree increased by 13,676 individuals while adults with some college education also increased by 12,369 individuals in between 2000 and 2016. 2000 2016 Source: U.S. Census Bureau – 2000 Decennial Census and 2016 ACS Data Snapshot // Marion County Table names: Census 2000 SF4 QTP20, ACS 2016 S1501

13 Demography Takeaways The population of Marion County experienced increase in population since 1970 and expected to do so through 2020 by 1.1 percent. Natural increase (births minus deaths) positively contributed to population increase along with the international migration. Domestic migration to other states and counties contributed negatively to the population increase (2000-2016) in Marion County. While still growing in size, the county’s population is aging, suggesting a need to take a hard look at how to meet the expanding health and services needs of population at or approaching retirement age. In 2016, nearly 2 in 10 residents (17.3 percent) was of age 60 years or higher. County’s one of the important cohorts of population is in age within 19 years or Generation Z (257,034 individuals). Racial diversity has increased marginally from 2000 to 2016, with Blacks making 28.5 percent of the resident population. The fact is that about 10.2 percent of Marion County’s residents is now of Hispanic background which was 3.9 percent in 2000. What this means is that the county will have to continue to address the needs, and build on the opportunities, associated with this key minority group. As is well known, the educational level of the adult population can have a profound impact on the nature and quality of jobs in a county. The proportion of adults 25 years of age or older with an associate’s degree or more has improved from nearly 6 percent to 7 percent between 2000 and 2016. The 29 percent attainment rate of bachelor’s or higher exceeds the state’s educational attainment of bachelor’s or higher education. Moreover, there are nearly 43 percent adult individuals who have a high school degree or less. What this suggests that it will be important to ensure that jobs being created, expanded, or attracted to the county align with the educational profile and skill levels of its workforce. While it is good to expand the number of high quality/high paying jobs, strategies for growing and retaining middle- skilled jobs will be equally useful. There are still about around 15 percent of the adult population that did not have high school degrees. Policies could be made to assist those who need support to get high school education or higher. Similarly, 21 percent (1 in 5 adults) have some college education, who can be encouraged to finish associate’s degree. In light of the challenges many employers are facing in terms of finding qualified workers, it may be worthwhile focusing workforce development/training to this sizable group of adults, and improving their chances of qualifying for job openings in the county or surrounding region. Data Snapshot // Marion County

03 Economy Establishments Industries Takeaways Income and Poverty Occupations

Components of Changes in Jobs 15 Economy Components of Changes in Jobs Changes in Jobs (2000-2016) Jobs Gained by New Start-ups 841,137 Spin-offs 126,140 Expansion 365,162 In-migration 34,638 Lost by Closings 829,098 Contractions 283,012 Out-migration 74,923 Net Change 180,044 How to Interpret the Accompanying Table New Start-ups A completely new business from births/openings without any affiliation to an existing business. Spin-offs New businesses that were spun off from existing businesses. Expansions Existing businesses that have expanded in jobs. In-migration Businesses that have moved-in from outside of the county. Closings Closure of existing businesses. Contractions Existing businesses that have shed/reduced jobs. Out-migration Businesses that have moved- out from the county. Data Snapshot // Marion County Source: YourEconomy.org

Establishment Distribution by Stages 16 Economy Company Stages An establishment is a physical business location. Branches, standalones and headquarters are all considered types of establishments. Definition of Company Stages Stage 0 Self-employed Stage 1 2-9 employees Stage 2 10-99 employees Stage 3 100-499 employees Stage 4 500+ employees Establishment Distribution by Stages Indiana, 2016 Data Snapshot // Marion County Note: Based on Edward Lowe’s research, http://thegrowthsociety.com/links/SecondStage.pdf/

17 Economy Number of Establishments, Jobs, Sales by Stage/Employment Category in the County Stage Establishments 2016 % Change (2000-2016) Jobs* 2016 Sales 2016 ($ 2013) % Change (2000-2016, $ 2013) Stage 0 5,828 43.7% 883.0 -45.6% Stage 1 47,741 121.1% 199,442 137.7% 47,469.6 47.4% Stage 2 14,043 68.3% 309,998 42.5% 69,311.4 -13.2% Stage 3 867 -3.0% 152,353 -2.3% 36,014.8 -34.1% Stage 4 100 -6.5% 144,237 -17.0% 30,869.8 -54.7% Total 68,579 95.9% 811,858 27.8% 184,549 -22.0% *Includes both full-time and part-time jobs Note: The change in jobs from 2000 to 2016 might not match with the components of change in jobs because of residuals. Data Snapshot // Marion County Source: YourEconomy.org

Top Five Industries 2003 2016 Economy 18 Economy Top Five Industries Almost half of all jobs are tied to one of the top five industries in Marion county The top industry in Marion County is Health Care and Social Assistance, which accounts for 13 percent of the total jobs. Government ranks second, providing 83,590 jobs. Administrative and Support and Waste Management provides 8 percent of total jobs. Retail Trade and Manufacturing, respectively complete the top five industries in Marion County. Together the top five industries provided 354,208 jobs in 2016. Two of the top five industries lost jobs in between 2003 to 2016 time period. 2003 2016 Data Snapshot // Marion County Source: EMSI – 2017.4 – QCEW Employees, Non-QCEW Employees, Self-Employed, and Extended Proprietors

Top Five Industries Jobs Trend (2001-2016) 19 Economy Top Five Industries Jobs Trend (2001-2016) Data Snapshot // Marion County Source: EMSI– 2017.4 – QCEW Employees, Non-QCEW Employees, Self-Employed, and Extended Proprietors

Industry distribution and change 20 Economy Industry distribution and change Health Care and Social Assistance +23,060 Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services +11,696 Employment Increase Industries with the largest gains and losses in employment numbers between 2003 & 2016 Employment Decrease Manufacturing -18,105 Retail Trade -6,177 The largest percentage gains in employment occurred in Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction (+97%) Educational Services (+59%) The largest percentage losses in employment occurred in Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting (-32%) Utilities (-26%) Data Snapshot // Marion County Source: EMSI – 2017.4 – QCEW Employees, Non-QCEW Employees, Self-Employed, and Extended Proprietors

Top Five Occupations 2003 2016 Economy 21 Economy Top Five Occupations The top five occupations in Marion County represent less than half of all jobs. The top occupation in Marion County is Office and Administrative Support Occupations, which accounts for 14 percent of the total jobs. Sales and Related Occupations rank second, providing 76,978 jobs. Transportation and Material Moving Occupations provide 9 percent of total jobs. Food Preparation and Serving Related Occupations and Healthcare Practitioners Occupations complete the top five occupation groups in Marion County. Together the top five occupation groups represented 341,248 jobs in 2016. Two of five top occupations lost jobs between 2003 and 2016. 2003 2016 Data Snapshot //Marion County Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – 2017.4 – QCEW Employees, Non-QCEW Employees, Self-Employed, and Extended Proprietors

Occupation distribution and change 22 Economy Occupation distribution and change *Management occupations include farm managers, so changes in jobs may be related to changes in the number of farm proprietorships. Data Snapshot // Marion County Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – 2017.4 – QCEW Employees, Non-QCEW Employees, Self-Employed, and Extended Proprietors

Occupation distribution and change 23 Economy Occupation distribution and change Transportation and Material Moving Occupations +9,135 Health Care Practitioners and Technical Occupations +8,851 Employment Increase Occupations with the largest gains and losses in employment numbers between 2003 & 2016 Employment Decrease Production Occupations -9,398 Office and Administrative Support Occupations -2,137 The largest percentage gains in employment occurred in Personal Care and Service Occupations (+43%) Healthcare Support Occupations (+34%) The largest percentage losses in employment occurred in Production Occupations (-20 %) Military Occupations (-17 %) Data Snapshot // Marion County Source: EMSI – 2017.4 – QCEW Employees, Non-QCEW Employees, Self-Employed, and Extended Proprietors

Income and Poverty Economy 2000 2008 2016 Total Population in Poverty 24 Economy Income and Poverty 2000 2008 2016 Total Population in Poverty 10.3% 16.5% 18.9% Minors (Under Age 18) in Poverty 15.3% 24% 28% Real Median Household Income (2013)* $53,266 $47,530 $43,221 Real Per Capita Income (2013)* $41,617 $41,433 $46,039 Percent of Household in Upper Income Bracket ($100,0000 +)** 9.9% 15.1% 15.8% Median household income in Marion County dropped by $10,045 between 2000 and 2016 in real dollars (that is, adjusted for inflation), while average income per person increased by $4,422 in real dollars over the same period. The total population in poverty increased from 10.3 percent to 18.9 percent between 2000 and 2016. Child poverty grew at an even faster pace, expanding by nearly 13 percentage points during this same time period. *Real median household income is the middle income value in the county. Half of the county’s households fall above this line and half below. Real per capita personal income is the average income per person in the county. **Percent of household in upper income bracket: 2016 is 5 year ACS, 2008 is 3 year ACS, 2000 is Census summery file 3 (SF-3). Source: SAIPE, ACS 2012-2016, BEA- Regional Personal Income Summary Data Snapshot // Marion County

Income and Poverty (3 years rolling average) 25 Economy Income and Poverty (3 years rolling average) Median household income in Marion County has been fluctuating for the past 16 years with decline during the Great Recession. Real per capita personal income increased at a moderate pace since 2010. The overall poverty rate for all ages has been increasing since 2000 but it exhibited a decrease after 2014. Minors or children under 18 years of age increased considerably since 2001 with some stability after 2010 and again decline after 2015. *****3 years Rolling Average – DO both 2 and 3 Note: Starting point is shown as the time period. Source: SAIPE, BEA- Regional Personal Income Summary Data Snapshot // Marion County

Cost of Living and Affordability 26 Economy Cost of Living and Affordability Housing Costs (% of income) 21% Transportation Costs (% of income) 29% Cost of Living Index 102.8 Housing Affordability 219 units (per 10,000 people) COLI is an index comparing region with average U.S. values based on price differences in consumer goods and services for six major categories (grocery items, housing utilities, transportation, health care and miscellaneous goods and services). For Marion County, COLI (index) is 102.8 where it is 94.0 for Indiana and 100 for US. Housing and transportation costs are measured at the county scale. Together, the value exceeds 45% of income indicating unaffordability in Marion County. For Marion County, median affordable housing units is 219 units per 10,000 people and for US, it is 124. Source: H+T CNT, EMSI, AARP Data Snapshot // Marion County

27 Economy Takeaways The county witnessed positive growth in the number of establishments and related jobs between 2000 and 2016, and a large proportion of growth came from Stage 1 and 2 enterprises, part of the local economy often overlooked by the decision makers. The Stage 1 firms (2-9 employees) experienced growth in the number of new establishments between 2000 and 2016, with 26,146 more establishments (121% change). The number of establishments in Stage 0 firms (self-employed) had increased by 1,772. Stage 2 firms (10-99 employees) also had also an increase of 5,697 firms. By 2016, Stage 1 firms had a large growth in jobs, contributing 115,524 more jobs in 2016. Firms in other stages experienced certain degree of growth and loss in number of jobs provided. Among them Stage 2 firms (2-9 employees) had the greatest growth of 92,526 jobs and Stage 4 firms (100-499 employees) had the greatest loss of 29,637 jobs. Overall, the Great Recession that took its toll on many Indiana counties also affected Marion County when it came to establishments and jobs. The Health Care and Social Assistance sector has been a significant sector in Marion County’s economy, employing around 94,641 individuals and providing annual earnings of $67,480. Government has been an important sector as well, contributing 12% of all jobs (83,590 jobs) in Marion County, with average earnings of $68,500 annually. Finding ways to retain the growth of good paying jobs will be vital to the long-term economic strength of the county. Worthy of note is that real median household income decreased in the county between 2000 and 2008 with further decrease by 2016. However, the real per capita income increased since 2000. This seemingly conflicting information suggests that the county has been experiencing income inequality, in which the largest share of income growth has occurred among residents with the highest incomes. In many respects, the economic metrics for Marion County are very strong, but the issue will be how to dedicate balanced attention to the different establishment types in the county, from Stage 0 through Stage 4. Furthermore, assessing the talent needs of existing firms will be important to ensure that current and emerging workforce have the set of skills needed to meet the demands of the mix of employers in the county. Data Snapshot // Marion County

04 Labor Market Labor Force & Unemployment Commuteshed Takeaways Workforce Inflow/Outflow Laborshed

Labor Force and Unemployment 29 Labor Market Labor Force and Unemployment 2003 2016 Labor Force 464,331 483,993 Unemployment Rate 5.4% 4.4% Labor Force Participation Rate 84.0% 81.2% The number of individuals in the labor force in Marion County increased between 2003 and 2016. The number of individuals in the county’s labor force overall increased by 19,662 individuals between 2003 and 2016. Among all the individuals in the labor force, 94.6 percent were employed in 2003 which became 95.6 percent in 2016. Source: BLS, Stats Indiana Data Snapshot // Marion County

Unemployment Rate Labor Market 30 Labor Market Unemployment Rate Unemployment rate increased dramatically after 2009, peaking at 10.5 percent in 2010. Since that time, the rate has been on a steady decline, dropping to 4.4 percent by 2016. Data Snapshot // Marion County Source: BLS

Flow of Earnings Labor Market 2003 2016 Inflow of Earnings ($ 2013) 31 Labor Market Flow of Earnings 2003 2016 Inflow of Earnings ($ 2013) $2,809,045 $4,108,065 Outflow of Earnings ($ 2013) $14,941,607 $19,077,583 Net Flow of Earnings ($ 2013) -$12,132,562 -$14,969,518 Source: BEA Data Snapshot // Marion County

Journey to Work Labor Market 32 Labor Market Journey to Work Marion County has more workers commuting in than commuting out the county for work. Net commuting is positive in Marion County with a surplus of 181,955 commuters. This suggest that the county is serving as a job center for the region. In-Commuters 314,539 2015 Count Proportion Employed in Marion County 625,123 100% Both employed and living in the county 310,584 49.7% Employed in the county but living outside 314,539 50.3% Living in Marion County 443,168 Both living and employed in the county 70.1% Living in the county but employed outside 132,584 29.9% Same Work/Home 310,584 Out-Commuters 132,584 Source: On The Map Data Snapshot // Marion County

Commuteshed & Laborshed in 2015 33 Labor Market Commuteshed & Laborshed in 2015 Data Snapshot // Marion County Source: On The Map

Commuteshed in 2015 Labor Market 34 Labor Market Commuteshed in 2015 Roughly, within 75 percent of Marion County’s working residents are employed in Marion County in Indiana. More than 5 percent of workers commute to Hamilton County in Indiana. An additional 5 percent workers commute to jobs in Hendricks County in Indiana. Collectively, these 3 counties represent roughly 85 percent of the commuteshed for Marion County. A county’s commuteshed is the geographic area to which its resident labor force travels to work. Nearly 29.9 percent of employed residents in Marion County commute to jobs located outside of the county. Hamilton County, Indiana, is the destination that has the most commuters from Marion County, accounting for almost 8.6 percent of its total employed residents. Hendricks County and Johnson County Indiana follow as the third and fourth largest destinations with 4.8 and 2.9 percent of commuters, respectively. 18.6 percent of commuters work in counties that are adjacent to Marion County. Commuters Proportion Marion County, IN 310,584 70.1% Hamilton County, IN 38,021 8.6% Hendricks County, IN 21,380 4.8% Johnson County, IN 12,890 2.9% Boone County, MI 6,130 1.4% Hancock County, IN 3,909 0.9% Source: On The Map Data Snapshot // Marion County

Laborshed in 2015 Labor Market 35 Labor Market Laborshed in 2015 Nearly seventy five percent of Marion County’s workforce is drawn from Marion, Hamilton, Hendricks, Johnson, and Hancock Counties in Indiana. Another 5 percent is drawn from Morgan, Boone and Madison Counties in Indiana. An additional 5 percent commute from Allen, Monroe, Shelby and Tippecanoe Counties, Indiana. Combined, the 12 counties represent 85 percent of Marion County’s laborshed. A county’s laborshed is the geographic area from which it draws employees. Nearly half (50.3 percent) of individuals working in Marion County commute from another county. Hamilton County, Indiana, is the largest source of workers, contributing 11.2 percent of the total employees in Marion County. Hendricks, Johnson, and Hancock Counties in Indiana complete the top five sources of outside workers in Marion County. In addition, over 31.2 percent of in-commuters reside in counties adjacent to Marion County. Hamilton County, Indiana is the top ranked county among all the adjacent neighboring counties in terms of its adult working population employed in Marion County. Commuters Proportion Marion County, IN 310,584 49.7% Hamilton County, IN 70,049 11.2% Hendricks County, IN 39,351 6.3% Johnson County, IN 32,240 5.2% Hancock County, MI 17,043 2.7% Source: On The Map Data Snapshot // Marion County

Takeaways Labor Market 36 Labor Market Takeaways The Great Recession that took place in the U.S. over the period of 2007-2009 had a negative effect on many counties in Indiana. Marion County was equally impacted by the recession, experiencing a high unemployment rate of 10.5 percent in 2010. Since that time, the county has made significant progress, reducing its unemployment rate to 4.4 percent by 2016 which is same as Indiana but slightly better than U.S. In 2003, around 464,331 individuals were part of the local labor force, and the number increased to 483,993 in 2016. However, the labor participate rate declined by nearly three percentage points between 2003 and 2016, a trend of the recent Great Recession. This could be due to high skills mismatch between resident labor force and jobs available in the county causing underemployment in the county. However, inconsistent with growing local labor market, Marion County has net negative flow of earnings in 2016, indicating that the outflow of earnings (labor force from outside) excesses the inflow of earnings (resident commuters working outside). This could be due to relatively more skilled jobs in the county, and therefore it is important to determine the drivers behind such patterns. Hamilton, Hendricks, and Johnson Counties in Indiana are the largest destination for workers from Marion County, attracting 72,291 of labor force. These three counties are also the largest source of outside workers (141,640) employed in Marion County. For every 100 employed residents, Marion County has nearly 141 jobs. It light of the fact that more than 50 percent of the county’s labor force is coming from another counties and nearly 30 percent is working in another counties, it may be worthwhile to determine the education and skill levels of these individuals. Do they have skills and/or educational credentials that exceed the needs of local employers, or are they lacking the skills or education needed to qualify for local jobs? The answer to these and related questions could go a long way in determining how the county might work to reduce the flow of workers to other counties. Of course, the economic ties that Marion County has with surrounding counties would suggest a need to work collaboratively at a regional level to develop a regional economic and workforce development plan. Data Snapshot // Marion County

Appendix

Average Total Earnings 2016 38 Appendix Economy - Industry Distribution and Change NAICS Code Description Jobs 2003 Jobs 2016 Change (2003-2016) % Change (2003-2016) Average Total Earnings 2016 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting 1,422 961 -461 -32% $35,088 21 Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction 152 300 148 97% $58,720 22 Utilities 1,833 1,356 -477 -26% $116,420 23 Construction 36,836 34,599 -2,237 -6% $60,676 31 Manufacturing 73,612 55,507 -18,105 -25% $108,119 42 Wholesale Trade 31,615 28,750 -2,865 -9% $72,886 44 Retail Trade 65,716 59,539 -6,177 $33,973 48 Transportation and Warehousing 35,657 43,500 7,843 22% $49,715 51 Information 12,110 12,695 585 5% $79,629 52 Finance and Insurance 37,189 34,255 -2,934 -8% $80,436 53 Real Estate and Rental and Leasing 22,963 25,452 2,489 11% $42,561 54 Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services 37,013 48,709 11,696 32% $79,134 55 Management of Companies and Enterprises 7,528 9,924 2,396 $113,845 56 Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services 49,711 60,931 11,220 23% $35,560 61 Educational Services 10,125 16,127 6,002 59% $38,584 62 Health Care and Social Assistance 71,581 94,641 23,060 $67,480 71 Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 12,793 14,233 1,440 $50,081 72 Accommodation and Food Services 45,740 52,367 6,627 14% $21,812 81 Other Services (except Public Administration) 39,271 41,953 2,682 7% $32,830 90 Government 80,373 83,590 3,217 4% $68,556 99 Unclassified Industry 12 <10 Insf. Data All Total 673,254 719,390 46,136 $59,165 Data Snapshot // Marion County Note: Average total earnings include wages, salaries, supplements and earnings from investments and proprietorships.

Average Total Earnings 2016 39 Appendix Economy - Industry Distribution and Change NAICS Code Description QCEW 2003 Jobs QCEW 2016 Jobs QCEW Jobs % Change (2003-2016) Total Jobs 2003 Total Jobs 2016 Total Jobs % Change (2003-2016) Average Total Earnings 2016 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting 568 452 -20% 1,422 961 -32% $35,428 21 Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction 112 173 54% 152 300 97% $58,677 22 Utilities 1,807 1,291 -29% 1,833 1,356 -26% $117,551 23 Construction 28,782 25,305 -12% 36,836 34,599 -6% $61,824 31 Manufacturing 72,443 53,761 73,612 55,507 -25% $109,436 42 Wholesale Trade 30,606 26,624 -13% 31,615 28,750 -9% $74,262 44 Retail Trade 58,166 51,836 -11% 65,716 59,539 $34,480 48 Transportation and Warehousing 32,084 36,564 14% 35,657 43,500 22% $50,211 51 Information 10,588 10,682 1% 12,110 12,695 5% $81,788 52 Finance and Insurance 31,983 26,592 -17% 37,189 34,255 -8% $81,342 53 Real Estate and Rental and Leasing 11,240 9,826 22,963 25,452 11% $42,838 54 Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services 27,816 37,681 35% 37,013 48,709 32% $80,119 55 Management of Companies and Enterprises 7,270 9,016 24% 7,528 9,924 $116,268 56 Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services 43,557 52,342 20% 49,711 60,931 23% $36,704 61 Educational Services 6,044 10,772 78% 10,125 16,127 59% $38,487 62 Health Care and Social Assistance 65,344 86,638 33% 71,581 94,641 $69,101 71 Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 8,664 8,240 -5% 12,793 14,233 $53,323 72 Accommodation and Food Services 44,511 50,012 12% 45,740 52,367 $22,203 81 Other Services (except Public Administration) 18,894 19,810 39,271 41,953 7% $33,100 90 Government 72,160 73,569 2% 80,373 83,590 4% $69,838 99 Unclassified Industry 12 <10 Insf. Data All Total 572,651 591,186 3% 673,254 719,390 $60,190 Data Snapshot // Marion County Note: Average total earnings include wages, salaries, supplements and earnings from investments and proprietorships.

Median Hourly Earnings 2016 (Total Jobs) 40 Appendix Economy - Occupation Distribution and Change SOC Description Jobs 2003 Jobs 2016 Change (2003-2016) % Change (2003-2016) Median Hourly Earnings 2016 (Total Jobs) 11 Management Occupations 40,971 45,875 4,904 12% $34.56 13 Business and Financial Operations Occupations 40,957 44,458 3,501 9% $29.73 15 Computer and Mathematical Occupations 16,960 21,722 4,762 28% $34.41 17 Architecture and Engineering Occupations 10,913 9,972 -941 -9% $34.23 19 Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations 7,487 8,571 1,084 14% $27.17 21 Community and Social Service Occupations 9,592 10,712 1,120 $21.10 23 Legal Occupations 6,501 6,367 -134 -2% $38.92 25 Education, Training, and Library Occupations 23,661 26,954 3,293 $22.68 27 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media Occupations 17,219 19,591 2,372 $16.61 29 Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations 40,200 49,051 8,851 22% $30.97 31 Healthcare Support Occupations 12,622 16,881 4,259 34% $13.68 33 Protective Service Occupations 14,265 16,287 2,022 $15.51 35 Food Preparation and Serving Related Occupations 44,269 50,385 6,116 $9.98 37 Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Occupations 21,545 23,905 2,360 11% $11.31 39 Personal Care and Service Occupations 20,217 28,895 8,678 43% $11.07 41 Sales and Related Occupations 78,970 76,978 -1,992 -3% $16.40 43 Office and Administrative Support Occupations 101,421 99,284 -2,137 $16.84 45 Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Occupations 823 778 -45 -5% $13.16 47 Construction and Extraction Occupations 29,054 27,868 -1,186 -4% $19.36 49 Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations 26,932 26,399 -533 $20.35 51 Production Occupations 47,903 38,505 -9,398 -20% $16.13 53 Transportation and Material Moving Occupations 56,415 65,550 9,135 16% $14.77 55 Military occupations 3,812 3,179 -633 -17% $13.96 99 Unclassified Occupation 545 1,223 678 124% $12.73 All Total 673,254 719,390 46,136 7% Data Snapshot // Marion County *Management occupations include farm managers, so changes in jobs may be related to changes in the number of farm proprietorships.

Median Hourly Earnings 2016 (Total Jobs) 41 Appendix Economy - Occupation Distribution and Change SOC Description QCEW 2003 Jobs QCEW 2016 Jobs QCEW Jobs % Change (2003-2016) Total Jobs 2003 Total Jobs 2016 Total Jobs % Change (2003-2016) Median Hourly Earnings 2016 (Total Jobs) 11 Management Occupations 32,879 34,701 6% 40,971 45,875 12% $42.40 13 Business and Financial Operations Occupations 34,983 36,236 4% 40,957 44,458 9% $29.43 15 Computer and Mathematical Occupations 15,428 20,173 31% 16,960 21,722 28% $35.46 17 Architecture and Engineering Occupations 10,234 9,348 -9% 10,913 9,972 $34.55 19 Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations 6,763 7,754 15% 7,487 8,571 14% $25.63 21 Community and Social Service Occupations 5,943 7,416 25% 9,592 10,712 $20.21 23 Legal Occupations 5,242 4,968 -5% 6,501 6,367 -2% $34.91 25 Education, Training, and Library Occupations 19,852 21,749 10% 23,661 26,954 $23.01 27 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media Occupations 8,606 8,350 -3% 17,219 19,591 $19.09 29 Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations 38,266 47,037 23% 40,200 49,051 22% $30.67 31 Healthcare Support Occupations 11,565 15,183 12,622 16,881 34% $13.53 33 Protective Service Occupations 13,578 15,363 13% 14,265 16,287 $15.08 35 Food Preparation and Serving Related Occupations 43,232 48,835 44,269 50,385 $9.95 37 Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Occupations 15,596 15,878 2% 21,545 23,905 11% $11.69 39 Personal Care and Service Occupations 11,858 15,241 29% 20,217 28,895 43% $10.65 41 Sales and Related Occupations 59,636 54,151 78,970 76,978 $13.76 43 Office and Administrative Support Occupations 91,582 88,971 101,421 99,284 $16.74 45 Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Occupations 710 619 -13% 823 778 $13.48 47 Construction and Extraction Occupations 22,634 20,289 -10% 29,054 27,868 -4% $22.93 49 Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations 24,033 22,992 26,932 26,399 $21.27 51 Production Occupations 46,334 36,604 -21% 47,903 38,505 -20% $16.18 53 Transportation and Material Moving Occupations 53,697 59,328 56,415 65,550 16% $14.76 55 Military occupations 0% 3,812 3,179 -17% $0.00 99 Unclassified Occupation 545 1,223 124% All Total 572,651 591,186 3% 673,254 719,390 7% Data Snapshot // Marion County Note: Average total earnings include wages, salaries, supplements and earnings from investments and proprietorships.

42 Appendix Notes LAUS (Local Area Unemployment Statistics): LAUS is a U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) program that provides monthly and annual labor force, employment and unemployment data by place of residence at various geographic levels. LAUS utilizes statistical models to estimate data values based on household surveys and employer reports. These estimates are updated annually. Annual county-level LAUS estimates do not include seasonal adjustments. LEHD (Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics): LEHD is a partnership between U.S. Census Bureau and State Department of Workforce Development (DWD) to provide labor market and journey to work data at various geographic levels. LEHD uses Unemployment Insurance earnings data and Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages from DWDs and census administrative records related to individuals and businesses. SAIPE (Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates): SAIPE is a U.S. Census Bureau program that provides annual data estimates of income and poverty statistics at various geographic levels. The estimates are used in the administration of federal and state assistance programs. SAIPE utilizes statistical models to estimate data from sample surveys, census enumerations, and administrative records. EMSI (Economic Modeling Specialists International): The jobs, earnings and labor market data for Industries and occupations are obtained from EMSI. It provides unsuppressed data at North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 6-digit and Standard Occupation Classification (SOC) at 5-digit level for every county in the U.S. OTM (On the Map): OTM, a product of LEHD program, is used in the county snapshot report to develop commuting patterns for a geography from two perspectives: place of residence and place of work. At the highly detailed level of census blocks, some of the data are synthetic to maintain confidentiality of the worker. However, for larger regions mapped at the county level, the commuter shed and labor shed data are fairly reasonable. OTM includes jobs for a worker employed in the reference as well as previous quarter. Hence, job counts are based on two consecutive quarters (six months) measured at the “beginning of a quarter.” OTM data can differ from commuting patterns developed from state annual income tax returns, which asks a question about “county of residence” and “county of work” on January 1 of the tax-year. OTM can also differ from American Community Survey data, which is based on a sample survey of the resident population. YourEconomy.org (YE): YE, an online tool by the Business Dynamics Research Consortium at the University of Wisconsin – Extension, provides data on the employment, sales, and number of establishments at numerous geographic levels in the United States. A major data source for YE is the Infogroup Historical Database and additional Infogroup data files on establishments. This means that each entry is a different physical location, and company-level information must be created by adding the separate establishment components. Data Snapshot // Marion County

Report Contributors Data Analysis Authors/Editors Report Design 43 Appendix Report Contributors This report was prepared by the Purdue Center for Regional Development in partnership with Purdue University Extension. Data Analysis Sanchita Chakrovorty Andrey Zhalnin, Ph.D. Indraneel Kumar, Ph.D. Authors/Editors Bo Beaulieu, Ph.D. Report Design Tyler Wright Data Snapshot // Marion County

Purdue Center for Regional Development Contact Us 44 Purdue Center for Regional Development Contact Us 1341 Northwestern Avenue Purdue Schowe House West Lafayette, IN 47906 765-494-7273 pcrd@purdue.edu seeks to pioneer new ideas and strategies that contribute to regional collaboration, innovation and prosperity. www.pcrd.purdue.edu Purdue Extension Community Development works to strengthen the capacity of local leaders, residents and organizations to work together to develop and sustain strong, vibrant communities. Front cover public library photography is courtesy of Lee Lewellen. Back cover Schowe House photography is by PCRD staff. www.cdext.purdue.edu