Jarno Pinola VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland How do you share spectrum? Overview of relevant regulation and technical enablers Jarno Pinola VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland 07/10/2019 TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

Contents Background Licensed spectrum and regulation Spectrum sharing techniques Dynamic licensed access RAN sharing techniques Related work EuWireless project High-level architecture Needs and requirements Spectrum sharing enhancements RAN sharing enhancements Integration to the overall architecture 07/10/2019 TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

Background Why EuWireless needs dynamic spectrum sharing and RAN sharing? 07/10/2019 TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

Licensed spectrum and regulation Realistic large scale field test and pilots with mobile technologies and services rely on the availability of licensed spectrum Availability of equipment and testing sites Current regulatory environment in Europe is heterogeneous and based on fixed-term exclusive rights The available spectrum and means to acquire it vary from country to county Pan-European dynamic spectrum sharing framework needed in order to realise the EuWireless vision 07/10/2019 TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

Spectrum sharing techniques Individual authorisation, i.e. licensed access Fixed term licensed access Dynamic licensed access Light licensing General authorisation, i.e. unlicensed or license-exempt access Opportunistic access 07/10/2019 TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

Dynamic licensed access Licensed Shared Access (LSA) in Europe A license holder (incumbent) can share spectrum with a mobile communication system under certain rules and on non-interfering basis Current candidate channels in Europe are 2.3 – 2.4 GHz, but in the future, they can extend beyond the IMT bands Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) in the US Environmental Sensing Capability (ESC) is used as an additional source of information for incumbent protection Targeting the 3.5 GHz frequency band 07/10/2019 TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

RAN sharing techniques To facilitate the deployment of the dynamic spectrum sharing, other Radio Access Network (RAN) resources can also be shared Joint Radio Resource Management (RRM) enables coordinated transmissions and interference management in legacy networks Software-Defined RAN (SD-RAN) enables further decomposition of RAN functionalities and centralised control in future networks 07/10/2019 TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

Related work Dynamic spectrum sharing RAN sharing EU H2020/5G-PPP: ADEL, SPEED-5G, METIS/METIS-II, COHERENT Standardization: CEPT ECC, FCC, ETSI, 3GPP Industry forums: WINNF RAN sharing EU H2020/5G-PPP: 5G-NORMA/5G-MoNArch, SESAME/5G-ESSENCE Standardization: 3GPP, IEEE Industry forums: NGMN, ORAN, TIP 07/10/2019 TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

EuWireless project How EuWireless will implement dynamic spectrum sharing and RAN sharing? 07/10/2019 TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

High-level architecture 07/10/2019 TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

Needs and requirements EuWireless experimenter must be able to create end-to-end slices over the joint EuWireless and MNO infrastructure In RAN, both the spectrum and RRM must be configurable For spectrum, selection of frequency, time and location For RRM, selection of functionalities and parameters The EuWireless operator must handle all the paper work and offer a one stop shop portal for the experimenters 07/10/2019 TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

Spectrum sharing enhancements 1/2 For the standardised dynamic spectrum sharing methods, EuWireless must define a hierarchical approach to manage both the spectrum controllers and databases In order to guarantee interference free operation towards MNOs, EuWireless should consider to utilise more sophisticated spectrum sensors also for spectrum sharing methods, which do not yet include them, i.e. LSA 07/10/2019 TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

Spectrum sharing enhancements 2/2 Hierarchical structure of the EuWireless spectrum manager 07/10/2019 TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

Spectrum sharing enhancements 2/2 Hierarchical structure of the EuWireless spectrum manager 07/10/2019 TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

RAN sharing enhancements 1/3 For the joint RRM and/or centralised RAN resource management, EuWireless must define functional components supporting the utilised virtualisation platform for both legacy and future systems From the architecture point of view, EuWireless is taking into account the recent advances in RAN virtualisation in order to be in line with the standardization and industry trends 07/10/2019 TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

RAN sharing enhancements 2/3 Network entities and interfaces for joint RRM in 4G architecture 07/10/2019 TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

RAN sharing enhancements 2/3 Network entities and interfaces for joint RRM in 4G architecture 07/10/2019 TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

RAN sharing enhancements 3/3 Network entities and interfaces for centralised RAN resource management in 5G architecture 07/10/2019 TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

RAN sharing enhancements 3/3 Network entities and interfaces for centralised RAN resource management in 5G architecture 07/10/2019 TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

Integration to the overall architecture Where to place the high-level spectrum managers and databases in the spectrum sharing hierarchy? Maximise local performance Minimise global signalling overhead What RAN functionalities can actually be virtualised and managed from a centralised controller? Non-real-time stuff: Virtual Network Functions (VNF) + SDN for sure! Near-real-time stuff: VNFs + SDN possible for many use cases Real-time stuff: Physical Network Functions (PNF) and point to point links still required 07/10/2019 TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

Jarno Pinola VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Thank you! Jarno Pinola VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland 07/10/2019 TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia