Jamestown
The Business Side of Things… Unlike Spain, England created colonies through join-stock companies and investors -Everyone is looking to create a profit The Virginia Company, in 1606, named their settlement Jamestown after the King, and was lead by John Smith. GOLD, GOLD, and GOLD was the main goal of the company.
No preparation for food, or shelter, and disease soon hit. Survival depended on the local native tribe, the Powhatan.
More colonists = more trouble By 1609 the Powhatan are unhappy and start destroying the colony’s farms and stop helping the colonists Of the 600, 60 colonists are left at the end of winter With the new crop, tobacco, Jamestown starts to flourish after a rough start
Tobacco labor intensive crop and needs many people Headright system = pay for your voyage & get 50 acres Start of plantations with large land grants Indentured servants, servitude 4-7 years 1619, first Africans brought over as indentured servants granted land and freedom after a few years decades before system of slavery is used
More land = more warfare Unlike Spain, the English did not allow their people to intermarry with the native people Forced Powhatans to pay tributes If they didn’t pay, their villages were set on fire, and hostages were taken Pocahontas was kidnapped married John Rolfe in 1614
Because of all the fighting, the king revoked the company’s charter Virginia becomes a Royal Colony, under direct control of the king
Living on the outskirts of town Former indentured servants have little money, no land, and no voting rights Only land available is on the frontier Pay high taxes to the wealthy w/o representation
Fighting Natives along frontier Colony’s governor won’t send troops to help poor frontier settlers
Bacon’s Rebellion Nathanial Bacon, son of a wealthy Englishman Raised an army from his friends to fight natives Governor declared Bacon’s army illegal Bacon and army march on Jamestown angry with “taxation w/o representation” March turns violent and marchers set fire to the town Governor and wealthy land owners fled on ship Rebellion exposes growing power of indentured servants