A nanofluidic ion regulation membrane with aligned cellulose nanofibers by Tian Li, Sylvia Xin Li, Weiqing Kong, Chaoji Chen, Emily Hitz, Chao Jia, Jiaqi.

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Presentation transcript:

A nanofluidic ion regulation membrane with aligned cellulose nanofibers by Tian Li, Sylvia Xin Li, Weiqing Kong, Chaoji Chen, Emily Hitz, Chao Jia, Jiaqi Dai, Xin Zhang, Robert Briber, Zuzanna Siwy, Mark Reed, and Liangbing Hu Science Volume 5(2):eaau4238 February 22, 2019 Copyright © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).

Fig. 1 Ion transport within the aligned cellulose nanofibers. Ion transport within the aligned cellulose nanofibers. (A) A tree trunk containing cellulose nanofibers. (B) Schematic of the removal of intertwined lignin and hemicellulose from natural wood to make the nanofluidic membrane. (C) A nanofluidic membrane that inherits the nanofiber alignment direction from natural wood, as marked. (D) Schematic of the low tortuosity nanofluidic membrane. Photo Credit: T.L., University of Maryland, College Park. Permission granted. Tian Li et al. Sci Adv 2019;5:eaau4238 Copyright © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).

Fig. 2 Characterizations of the delignified wood. Characterizations of the delignified wood. Photos of various configurations of the (A) nanofluidic cellulose membrane, including (B) a cellulose cable wrapped around a rod. The arrows indicate the nanofiber alignment direction. Scale bars, 1 cm. (C) Side view SEM image of the cellulose membrane and (D) the aligned cellulose nanofibers at higher magnification. (E) Top view SEM image showing the tips of the cellulose nanofibers. (F) The elliptical shape of the diffraction pattern in SAXS for the dry and wet membrane, indicating the molecular level alignment of cellulose. (G) The transmittance of the dry and wet cellulose membrane. Tian Li et al. Sci Adv 2019;5:eaau4238 Copyright © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).

Fig. 3 Ionic conductivity measurement with chemical modifications and physical densifications. Ionic conductivity measurement with chemical modifications and physical densifications. (A) Ionic conductivity measurement setup. (B) Zeta potential of the cellulose fibers and oxidized/surface-charged cellulose under neutral pH with a concentration of cellulose approximately 0.1%. (C) An ionic conductivity test with KCl solution for the cellulose membrane before and after oxidization. The oxidized cellulose exhibits an increased ionic conductivity plateau due to the higher surface charge. (D) Ionic conductivity of the undensified cellulose and densified cellulose membrane in KCl solution. Tian Li et al. Sci Adv 2019;5:eaau4238 Copyright © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).

Fig. 4 A cellulose-based ionic transistor. A cellulose-based ionic transistor. (A) Schematic of a freestanding cellulose nanofluidic transistor with a painted metal contact for gating. (B) Schematic of the gating effect on the ion distribution within the cellulose membrane. (C) Current-voltage characteristics of the cellulose nanofiber membrane with different gating voltages from −2 to 2 V. (D) Characterization of the transistor using varied gating voltages. Inset: Semi-log plot of ionic current versus gating voltage. (E) Photo image of a flexible and biocompatible cellulose nanofiber ribbon. (F) Ion conductivity shows minimal change upon folding. Tian Li et al. Sci Adv 2019;5:eaau4238 Copyright © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).