Requirement of ARFs for ATXR2 function.

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Identification of combination treatment–responsive dysfunctional tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cell population. Identification of combination treatment–responsive.

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Requirement of ARFs for ATXR2 function. Requirement of ARFs for ATXR2 function. (A) Quantification of ATXR2 binding to LBD promoters in arf7-1arf19-2 double-mutant plants by ChIP analysis. Enrichment was quantified relative to the amount at each gene promoter in control (EV) plants. Bars indicate the SE of the mean. *P < 0.05 (Student’s t test). n = 3 biological replicates. (B) Expression of LBD16 and LBD29 in calli from arf7-1arf19-2 double-mutant plants overexpressing ATXR2 (35S:ATXR2-MYC/arf7-1arf19-2). Different letters represent a significant difference at P < 0.05 [one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Fisher’s post hoc test). n = 3 biological replicates. (C) Callus formation in 35S:ATXR2-MYC/arf7-1arf19-2 leaf explants. n > 30 plants of each genotype. (D) Quantification (fresh weight) of callus formation in leaf explants from plants of the indicated genotypes. Different letters represent a significant difference at P < 0.05 (one-way ANOVA with Fisher’s post hoc test). Bars indicate the SE of the mean. n = 30 calli of each genotype. (E) Proposed role of ATXR2 in callus formation. ATXR2 interacts with ARF7 and ARF19 to bind to the promoters of LBD16 and LBD29. ATXR2 promotes LBD gene expression by catalyzing the deposition of H3K36me3 at these promoters. ATXR2 indirectly affects the expression of LBD17 and LBD18 through its direct effects on LBD16 and LBD29 expression. These activities facilitate callus formation. CIM, callus-inducing medium. Kyounghee Lee et al., Sci. Signal. 2017;10:eaan0316 Copyright © 2017 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works