The Road to Civil War (1861-1865) Image needed
Sectionalism Loyalty to one’s geographic region rather than the nation.
Early Signs of Sectionalism The Northwest Land Ordinance (1785) 3/5 Compromise (1787) The Slave Trade Compromise (1787) The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions (1800)
The Middle Passage
Eli Whitney invents the Cotton Gin Increased Demand for Slavery
Sectional Issues Expansion of Slavery Tariffs The National Bank Immigration Federal Road and Canal Construction The “right” of Nullification National Unity v States’ Rights
The Missouri Compromise- 1820 The first attempt to resolve the issue of the expansion of slavery Missouri a slave state Maine a free state Balance in Senate 36’ 30 North parallel
The Webster- Hayne Debate National Unity vs States’ Rights
Henry Clay’s Compromise Tariff Why did the North and South almost split over the tariff issue?
The Gag Rule Congress vows not to mention the word slavery
Nat Turner’s Revolt Virginia- August 1831 50- 60 slave owners and family members killed State almost voted to end slavery (71-58 vote against)
Abolitionists- The people who wanted to abolish slavery Nat Turner- slave revolt John Brown- “Bleeding Kansas”, Harpers Ferry, VA Harriet Tubman- Underground Railroad Elijah Lovejoy- Journalist in the South Frederick Douglass- Orator and runaway slave Harriet Beecher Stowe- “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” William Lloyd Garrison- Wrote “ The Liberator” Sojourner Truth
Manifest Destiny “From Atlantic to Pacific isn’t Manifest Destiny terrific!”
Increased Sectional Issues Annexation (taking) of Texas Mexican War Controversy Expansion of Slavery # free/slave states
The Mexican War and Cession
Why was California becoming a State such a problem?
The Compromise of 1850
The Fugitive Slave Act
Congress helps publish “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” by Harriet Beecher Stowe
The Kansas- Nebraska Act
Bleeding Kansas Violent Response to Popular Soviergnty
The Free Soil Party becomes the Republican Party A story of how single issue political parties can influence politics in the USA.
Preston Brooks canes Charles Sumner! Back street brawl in Congress!
The Dred Scott Supreme Court Case- 1857 Did this Supreme Court decision make the Civil War inevitable? Why do some say that this decision was the worst interpretation of the US Constitution ever? Notes must include Background Question to be Resolved Constitutional Connection Short Term Result Long Term Importance
Impact of Dred Scott v Sanford Enslaved people were not people, they were property Only citizens, could sue in the US Judicial System Property protected by 5th amendment Mo. Compromise, Kansas- Nebraska Act unconstitutional Could there be such a thing as a “free state”?
The Lincoln- Douglas Debates! 1858- ran against each other for a seat in the United States Senate- Douglas won…but
John Brown’s Raid on Harpers Ferry, Virginia
The Presidential Election of 1860
South Carolina Secedes from the Union!