Bronchoscopy images obtained during inspiration (A) and expiration (B) before stent insertion. Bronchoscopy images obtained during inspiration (A) and.

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Bronchoscopy images obtained during inspiration (A) and expiration (B) before stent insertion. Bronchoscopy images obtained during inspiration (A) and expiration (B) before stent insertion. Left: left main bronchus. Middle: carina. Right: trachea. Tracheobronchial lumen images during bronchoscopy shows the trachea, right main, and left main bronchi collapsed during the expiratory phase. C: One day after stent insertion, airway patency has improved, but there is substantial mucosal erythema and edema. Left: bronchus intermedius. Middle: trachea. Right: distal left main bronchus. D: Thirty days after stent placement, chronic airway inflammation has improved. Hiroshi Handa et al. Respir Care 2012;57:634-641 (c) 2012 by Daedalus Enterprises, Inc.