The archetype terrestrial planet

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Presentation transcript:

The archetype terrestrial planet Earth The archetype terrestrial planet

Size, Shape and Mass Radius: 6,378 km (about 4000 miles) A slightly flattened sphere, because of Earth’s spin. about 21 km greater at the equator than at the poles. Mass: 5.97 x 10^24 kg Density: 5.52 g/cm³ (Water has a density of 1 g/cm³) Surface Gravity: 9.8 m/s²

Orbit Radius: 1 AU ( 149.6 million km or 93 million miles) Period: 365.26 Earth days Rotation Period: 23 hours 56 min. (Sidereal day) The sidereal day is the time it takes to rotate once Solar Day: 24 hours (Noon to Noon) These are different because the Earth moves on its orbit changing the direction of the Sun Axial Tilt: 23° 27”

Earth’s Composition The Earth takes the form of a solid ball of rock, composed of… Oxygen 45.5% Silicon 27.2% Aluminum 8.3% Iron 6.2% Calcium 4.66% Magnesium, Sodium & Potassium about 2% each Others 1.6%

The interior of Earth is hotter than its Surface, Two Reasons Why The Earth was born hot. Impacts of smaller bodies colliding heated the forming Earth The Earth is cooling, but due to its size not quickly enough to cool completely yet Radioactive decay heats the interior. As radioactive elements decay they give off energy This heats the Earth’s interior