All organic molecules contain which element? Carbon
What are the four groups of organic compounds found in living things? Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids
What are the two parts to a fat molecule? Glycerol and fatty acids
One carbon atom can form how many bonds? four
A substance that accelerates the rate of chemical reaction is called… a catalyst
What factors affect enzyme activity? Concentration, pH, and temperature
What are the monomers of nucleic acids? nucleotides
What makes up nucleotides? 5-carbon sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogen base
A simple sugar! Like glucose, fructose or galactose. A monosaccharide is… A simple sugar! Like glucose, fructose or galactose.
What type of bonds do you find in saturated fatty acids? Single bonds
Proteins are made of building blocks called… Amino acids
What is the process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals? Chemical reaction
The area of an enzyme where the substrate fits is called… The active site
Organic molecules used for long-term energy storage are… Lipids
What is the term used to describe the energy needed to get a reaction started? Activation energy
What are two examples of nucleic acids? DNA and RNA
What is the ratio of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a carbohydrate? 1:2:1
What type of molecule is this? Carbohydrate
What type of molecule is this? Protein
What type of molecule is this? Nucleic acid
The atomic number tells you how many __ an atom has. Protons
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons are… Isotopes
What type of electron is available to form bonds? Valence
Why is water a polar molecule? The oxygen is slightly negative while the hydrogens are slightly positive.
When sugar and water are mixed together, sugar is the __ and water is the __. Solute; solvent
A substance composed of only one type of atom is an… Element
What is the process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals? Chemical reaction
In an atom, the number of electrons equals the number of __. Protons
Long chains of nucleotides are called __. Nucleic acids
What type of mixture is milk, blood, or shaving cream? Colloid