Update on PJM Stakeholder Efforts for Ride-Through of DER and IEEE 1547-2018 MADRI meeting #53 July 18, 2019 Andrew Levitt, Senior Business Solution Architect, Applied Innovation www.pjm.com

PJM’s Scope Transmission Sales for Resale Transmission www.pjm.com

~$290 m annual operating budget ~$40b in transactions ~700 employees ~$290 m annual operating budget ~$40b in transactions 65 million people served 21% of US GDP 165 GW peak load Founded 1927 www.pjm.com

IEEE standard 1547 facilitates DER interconnection. Why Care About IEEE 1547-2018? IEEE standard 1547 facilitates DER interconnection. Takeaway 1: old IEEE 1547-2003 is retiring, is in laws & regs of most states. PJM has long-term reliability concerns with old IEEE 1547-2003. No immediate concerns, and no anticipated need for retrofits. New IEEE 1547-2018 is a “smart inverter” standard. Manufacturers moving away from IEEE 1547-2003 and towards “smart inverters” (e.g., CA, HI, MA). Starting in early 2020s, DER equipment will increasingly be designed for IEEE 1547-2018 and not old IEEE 1547-2003. www.pjm.com

More DER deployment in PJM  Ride Through for DER “Ride Through”: resource remains connected for a short time during/after transmission fault. Required for big generators. Takeaway 2: reliable integration of more DER in PJM  ride through should be required for DER, too. Cumulative Non-wholesale Solar MW www.pjm.com

The Role of IEEE 1547-2018 and “Ride Through” PJM Manual 14g IEEE 1547-2018 Voltage Regulation Communications Frequency Response Harmonics Etc. IEEE 1547 standard for DER interconnection Federal law State law State regulations Utility technical requirements Ride through requirements Trip requirements Main PJM interest www.pjm.com

Takeaway 3: IEEE 1547-2018  More Policy Engagement Old IEEE 1547-2003 New IEEE 1547-2018 Take it or leave it. “The small generator shall be listed to meet the requirements of IEEE 1547-2003”. Pick a flavor. “The small generator shall be listed to meet the requirements of IEEE 1547-2018 using normal operating performance Category A and abnormal operation performance Category II, with the UV1 trip point adjusted to [Y] seconds and the UV2 trip point adjusted to [X] seconds.” Examples of state stakeholder working groups on ride through and trip settings : Maryland PC-44 Phase II Interconnection Working Group, Massachusetts Technical Standards Review Group, Minnesota Distributed Generation Workgroup Technical Subgroup, CA Smart Inverter Working Group www.pjm.com

New IEEE 1547-2018 Standards: Done by 2021 or 2022 Slide Courtesy EPRI PJM ride through and trip recommendations

PJM Stakeholder Effort for DER Ride Through Q1 2018: Preliminary trial workshop w/ 4 utilities (T and D) Q4 2018: Approved DER Ride Through Task Force Charter for PJM to work with distribution utilities, DER developers, et al to develop recommendations on ride through and trip settings Q1 2019: Launch DERRTTF ~monthly meetings. Q4 2019: Deliverables Takeaway 4: PJM Ride Through Guidance Document for States PJM Rules www.pjm.com

Takeaways Old IEEE 1547-2003 is in state laws/regs, has been revised to more complex IEEE 1547-2018 standard for “smart inverters”. PJM has a narrow interest in the “ride through” and trip portion of the IEEE 1547-2018 standard. IEEE standard 1547-2018 requires more policy engagement than the prior edition of the standard, timing of 2021 or 2022. PJM is working with distribution utilities and others towards achieve consensus to publish in Q4 2019 recommendations for state/local authorities and distribution utilities regarding the ride through and trip portions of the IEEE 1547-2018 standard. www.pjm.com

APPENDIX www.pjm.com

Why Ride Through--Wide Area Undervoltage Could Affect Lots of DER Multiphase transmission faultswide area undervoltage Under high deployment, DER should “ride through”, i.e. stay connected, for low voltages from transmission faults 40 miles > 1,000 MW solar on busses w/ V <54% ~ 1 GW non-wholesale solar ~ 6 GW load www.pjm.com

Why Ride Through—DER and Frequency Excursions Catastrophic islanding of interconnection Black start Unusually Big Gen Loss Loss of 4,500 MW in Eastern Interconnection in August 2007 PJM in August 2003 www.pjm.com

Valuable EPRI Technical Training on IEEE 1547-2018 https://www.pjm.com/committees-and-groups/stakeholder-meetings/der-ride-through-workshop.aspx EPRI Training Modules The training is open to the public, but does require signing up for an EPRI account to access.   Topic Overview on IEEE Std 1547-2018 DER Ride-Through Performance Categories and Trip Settings T+D Coordination for DER Ride-Through and Trip Requirements www.pjm.com