10TH GRADE VOCABULARY LIST - 1st Quarter 1. ADULTERATE (v) – to corrupt, make worse by the addition of something of lesser value SYN – Contaminate, pollute ANT - purify ex. ______________ the milk with water 2. AMBIDEXTROUS (adj) – able to use both hands equally well; very skillful; deceitful, hypocritical SYN – versatile ANT - clumsy ex. Marveled at his _______________ abilities 3. AUGMENT (v) – to make larger, increase SYN – enlarge, amplify, supplement ANT – decrease, diminish ex. _______________ one’s income 4. BEREFT (adj) – deprived of, made unhappy through a loss. SYN – bereaved ANT – replete, well provided ex. _______________ of friends in his old age. 5. DOUR (adj) – stern, unyielding; gloomy, ill-humored SYN – harsh, bleak, forbidding ANT – cheery, inviting, genial ex. a ______________ and sullen disposition

10TH GRADE VOCABULARY LIST - 1st Quarter 6. FORTITUDE (n) – courage in facing difficulties SYN – resolve, steadfastness, mettle ANT – fearfulness, timidity ex. Showed great ________________ during the flood 7. GUISE (n) - an external appearance, cover, mask SYN – Costume, semblance, pretense ex. The _______________ of a police officer 8. INSIDIOUS (adj) – intended to deceive or entrap; sly, treacherous SYN – cunning, underhanded ANT - frank, ingenuous ex. An ________________ scheme 9. INTIMATION (n) – a hint, indirect suggestion SYN – clue, indication, inkling ex. Gave no ____________________ of her difficulties 10. PLIABLE (adj) – easily bent; flexible, easily influenced SYN – supple, adaptable, resilient ANT – rigid, inflexible ex. Three spools of ___________________ copper wire

10TH GRADE VOCABULARY LIST - 1st Quarter 11. REITERATE (v) - to say again, repeat SYN – restate, rehash ex. _____________ a statement for emphasis 12. UNKEMPT (adj) – not combed, untidy, not properly maintained, unpolished; rude SYN – sloppy, disheveled, rough ANT – tidy, neat ex. An ________________ little boy 13. WARILY (adv) - cautiously, with great care SYN – carefully, prudently, gingerly ANT – recklessly, heedlessly ex. Approach the mouth of the cave _______________. 14. ADROIT (adj) – Skillful, expert in the use of the hands or mind SYN – clever, deft, dexterous, slick ANT – clumsy, inept ex. ________________ at twirling a baton 15. AMICABLE (adj) – peaceable, friendly SYN – congenial, neighborly, cordial ANT – hostile, antagonistic ex. An _______________ settlement of the dispute

10TH GRADE VOCABULARY LIST - 1st Quarter 16. AVERSE (adj) – having deep-seated distaste; opposed, unwilling SYN – disinclined ANT – favorably disposed, eager, keen ex. ___________ to strenuous exercise 17. BELLIGERENT (adj) – given to fighting, warlike, combative, aggressive SYN - assertive, truculent ANT – peaceful, placid ex. A ________ student spends a lot of time in ISS 18. BENEVOLENT (adj) – kindly, charitable SYN – benign, well-meaning ANT - malicious ex. A _________ feeling toward all their neighbors 19. CURSORY (adj) - hasty; not thorough SYN – quick, superficial ANT – thorough, painstaking ex. A _________ glance through the document. 20. DUPLICITY (n) - treachery; deceitfulness SYN – fraud, double-dealing ex. Fired the employees suspected of __________.

10TH GRADE VOCABULARY LIST - 1st Quarter 21. IMPERVIOUS (adj) – not affected or hurt by; not admitting passage or entrance SYN – impenetrable, resistant ANT – porous, permeable, vulnerable ex. A plastic cover _____________ to moisture. 22. IMPETUS (n) - a moving force, impulse, stimulus SYN – impulse, incentive, spur ANT – curb, hindrance, impediment ex. Gave new _________ to the drive. 23. METICULOUS (adj) – extremely careful; particular about details. SYN – fastidious, painstaking ANT – careless, sloppy ex. A _____________ housekeeper. 24. NOSTALGIA (n) – a longing for something past; homesickness ex. A vague feeling of __________________ 25. QUINTESSENCE (n) - the purest essence or form of something; the most typical example. SYN – paragon, exemplar ex. A deed hailed as the ______________ of valor.

10TH GRADE VOCABULARY LIST - 1st Quarter 26. RETROGRESS (v) - to move backward; to return to an earlier condition SYN - revert, degenerate, decline ANT – advance, evolve ex. Has ______________ into barbarism. 27. SCRUTINIZE (v) - to examine closely SYN – inspect, pore over ANT – skim, glance at ex. ________________ the documents. 28. TEPID (adj)- lukewarm; unenthusiastic, marked by an absence of interest SYN – insipid, half-hearted ANT – heated, excited ex. A cup of ____________ tea. ALIENATE (v) – to turn away; to make indifferent or hostile; to transfer, convey ex. Bad habits that ________ friends SYN – Separate, estrange ANT – reconcile, befriend ARTIFICE (n) – n. a skillful or ingenious device; a clever trick; clever skill; trickery SYN – stratagem, ruse ex. Deceived by his ______________

10TH GRADE VOCABULARY LIST - 1st Quarter 31. COERCE (v) - to compel, force SYN – pressure, bully ex. ____ into obedience by a threat of punishment 32. EXHILARATE (v) – to enliven, cheer, give spirit or liveliness to ex. ____________ by the good news SYN – stimulate, excite ANT – discourage, inhibit 33. INCLEMENT (adj) – stormy, harsh; severe in attitude or action SYN – blustery, implacable ANT – mild, tranquil, gentle ex. Unaccustomed to the ________ New England winter. 34. MUSE (v) – to think about in a dreamy way, ponder SYN – meditate, contemplate ex. _______ on the meaning of life 35. NEGLIGIBLE (adj) – so unimportant that it can be disregarded SYN – trivial, inconsequential ANT – crucial, significant ex. A ________ loss we need not worry about it

10TH GRADE VOCABULARY LIST - 1st Quarter PERPETUATE (v) – to make permanent or long lasting SYN – continue, prolong indefinitely ANT – abolish, discontinue ex. ________ the customs of our ancestors PUNITIVE (adj) – inflicting or aiming at punishment SYN – penalizing, retaliatory ex. Led a ________ expedition against the rebel. REDRESS (v) – v. to set right, remedy n. relief from wrong or injury SYN – rectify, mitigate, correct ex. Seek ________ through the courts SOJOURN – (n) a temporary stay (v) to stay for a time SYN – (n) visit, stopover, brief stay ex. A week’s __________ in Paris URBANE (adj) – refined in a manner or style, suave SYN – elegant ANT – crude, boorish, uncouth ex. An ____________ host