Governance: principles, context and agencies Tulasi Sharan Sigdel 10/29/2019

Session objectives Explain changed context of public governance Analyze the role of actors Identify the issues and challenges of governance 10/29/2019

Contents Principles of governance Political and social context of public governance in Nepal Governance agencies 10/29/2019

Idea of governance Systematic pattern of interaction and use of power Mechanisms, processes, and institutions State, citizens and different groups articulate their interests and mediate differences Economic, political, social-cultural and legal forms of power and authority Legitimacy and 10/29/2019

Defining Governance State Citizens Integrity Governance System Political parities and environment Integrity Leadership Strategic orientation Governance System Bureaucratic systems and culture International context Culture and social values Citizens NASC, 2018

New constitution: changing context and structure The preamble of the constitution: to fulfill the aspirations for; perpetual peace good governance development and prosperity [through the medium of federal democratic republican system of governance] NASC, 2018

Changing governance context in Nepal Nepali state Federal Government Nepali State Central Government Unitary state to federal state Local Governments Local Governments Provincial Governments 10/29/2019

Governance context and problem? The context problem in picture!! Source: Matt Andrews; Limits of institutional reform, 2014 10/29/2019

How does governance affect her life? Livelihood or freedom? 10/29/2019

Governance: structure-agency debate Turke (2008) Structure Actor Synthesis 10/29/2019

What governance ideology? Liberal Democratic? Liberal democratic state and state power. A kind of power adopted by market and private sector. State-centric? Authoritative state, use of state power and other coercive actions to control others Socio-democratic? Control and govern by some social-cultural and moral values and some social ‘doxa’ 10/29/2019

Governance practice: does it match? Ideological orientation? Party manifesto Political socialization Policy priorities 10/29/2019

Factors affecting governance practices Political Economic Socio-cultural Legislation External environment 10/29/2019

Actors of governance The Government Donor Private sector Civil society Individual 10/29/2019

Actors of Democratic Governance Change in governance philosophy- governance beyond government State Global Actors Civil Society Market NASC, 2018

Actors of Democratic Governance Change in governance philosophy- governance beyond government Creating favourable political, legal and economic environment State Global Actors Civil Society Market Mobilizing people’s participation, promoting constructive engagement Creating opportunities for people NASC, 2018

Actors [state-people interface] NASC, 2018

Actors [state people interaction] Intermediary People NASC, 2018

Governance Institutions/Actors in Nepal Political institutions Market and other non-government actors Global institutions Executive and Bureaucracy, other public entities Governance as interaction NASC, 2018

Changing governance platform Where do these institutions operate? Is there collusion/ conflict of interests? Political institutions Market and other non-government actors Global institutions Executive and Bureaucracy, other public entities Governance as interaction How do these institutions interact? Do they provide space for public constestation? NASC, 2018

Governance: Issues and challenges Who/what governs the governance? Capacity to deliver our promises Who enjoys the benefit? How to (re)distribute democratic dividend to the poor, marginalized & excluded people? (elite theorists vs pluralists) Which paradigm of governance? Governance or governmentality? Good governance: A dream or reality? How the change is changing? 10/29/2019

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Thank You ! Have a good day ! 10/29/2019