Discovery of the Cell and Cell Theory

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Presentation transcript:

Discovery of the Cell and Cell Theory

Observations of Dead Cells Robert Hooke (1635-1703) First to view cells (dead cork cells) Thought that the “little boxes” looked like the rooms where monks lived (cells)

Observations of Living Cells Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) First to observe living cells

Observations of Living Cells cont. Matthias Schleiden (1804-1881) Concluded that all plants were made of cells

Observations of Living Cells cont. Theodor Schwann (1810-1882) Concluded that all animals were made of cells

Observations of Living Cells cont. Rudolf Virchow (1821-1902) Determined that cells only come from other cells

The Cell Theory (putting the observations together) All living things are composed of one or more cells. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in an organism. Cells come only from the reproduction of existing cells.

Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic All cells fall into one of two categories: prokaryotic or eukaryotic Prokaryotic cells evolved earlier in history than eukaryotic cells Prokaryotic cells lack several of the features found in eukaryotic cells You are eukaryotic. Your cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Prokaryotic Cell Eukaryotic Cell

Prokaryotes Eukaryotes

Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic cont. Prokaryotic Cell Eukaryotic Cell Cell Membrane May be unicellular May be multicellular Has membrane-bound organelles Has a membrane-bound nucleus Contains DNA or other genetic info

Intro to Cell Structure Quick Review: Cells = basic unit of life Unicellular: the organism is just one cell Multicellular: the organism has lots of cells, each carries out a specific job All cells have: Cell membrane Cytoplasm (with organelles) DNA (genetic material)

Cell membrane Thin barrier separating the cytoplasm and contents of the cell from the external environment. In some cells the membrane is surrounded by a cell wall. The cell wall is a thick, rigid structure surrounding plant and bacteria cells.

Inside a Cell Cytoplasm Nucleus Organelles = space inside the cell, between the membrane and nucleus that contains a semi-liquid substance and houses the organelles. Nucleus spherical organelle that contains the DNA of eukaryotic cells. Visible in most cells under a light microscope All plant and animal cells are eukaryotic. Organelles = specialized structures that carry out cell functions Most are not visible using only a light microscope

Onion Cells

Elodea Cells

Cheek Cells

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