Industrial America in “The Gilded Age”

I. Captains of Industry Robber Barons Andrew Carnegie, Carnegie Steel Rockefeller & Standard Oil’s Monopoly Social Darwinism, Origin of Species (1859)

Andrew Carnegie

Rockefeller’s Standard Oil

II. America’s New Labor Supply New Wave of Immigration, 1880 Segmented Working Class Dangerous Working and Living Conditions

New Wave of Immigration, 1880 - 1915 1870 – 1880 = 2.8 million 1880 – 1890 = 5.2 million

Oyster Canning Factory, Alabama, 1911 Glass Worker, Virginia, 1911

Globe Cotton Mill, 1909 Pennsylvania Coal Mine, 1911

Women’s Factory Work

III. Labor Strikes Back in the Gilded Age Trade Unionism Knights of Labor, Terence Powderly Haymarket Square Riot, Chicago, 1886 American Federation of Labor, Samuel Gompers

Knights of Labor Terence Powderly

Haymarket Square Riot, 1886

American Federation of Labor’s Samuel Gompers Recruited U.S.-born Skilled workers “Pure and Simple” Moderate Unionism

What was it like to live in a city during the Gilded Age? Newberry Street, New York City, 1905

Hester Street, New York City, 1904

IV. Party Politics in the City: Bosses & Machines Partisan Voters City “Machines” and “Bosses” New York’s Tammany Hall & Boss Tweed Boss Tweed

Puck Magazine, 1894

V. Poverty in the City Ellis Island Tenement Housing Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives (1890) Forms of Leisure Times Square, New York, 1904

Ellis Island

Ellis Island Medical Exam, 1913

Angel Island Immigration Station

Tenement Housing, New York City

Tenement Apartment, New York, 1890s

Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives

Forms of Leisure: Coney Island, Brooklyn

VI. Middle Class Society & Culture Victorian Morality Cult of Domesticity Department Stores, “Palaces of Consumption” Tea room inside The Emporium, 1904

Catherine Beecher’s The American Woman’s Home (1869) Behaviors to avoid: Reaching over another person’s plate; standing up to reach distant articles instead of asking to have those passed; using the table-cloth instead of napkins; eating fast and in a noisy manner; putting large pieces in the mouth; and picking the teeth at the table.

Window Shopping outside Macy’s Macy’s, New York,1900 Dome of Marshall Fields, Chicago